2014年南京大學考博英語真題8

Part A (20%)

Directions: Put the following passages into Chinese.

Passage 1

The legends of the Wild West still color many people’s impression of the United States of America. Unfortunately, the romanticized Hollywood cowboys and Indians have given a distorted picture of what really happened. Certainly, America’s western expansion was in many ways an epic of courage and endurance. Dogged pioneers opened up new territory and forged a nation from the wilderness. This is the stuff of legends. But there was a dark side to this story. For the Indians it was a sad, bitter tale of misunderstanding, greed and betrayal — and we should know that too.

Passage 2

If a practical end must be assigned to a University course, I say it is that of training good members of society. Its art is the art of social life, and its end is fitness for the world. It neither confines its views to particular professions on the one hand, nor creates heroes or inspires genius on the other hand. Works indeed, of genius fall under no art； heroic minds come under no rule； a University is not a birthplace of poets or of immortal authors, of founders of schools, leaders of colonies, or conquerors of nations. It does not promise a generation of Aristotles or Newtons, of Napoleons or Washingtons, of Raphaels or Shakespeares, though such miracles of nature it has before now contained within its precincts.

Part B (10%)

Directions: Put the following passage into English.

世界與宇宙的本質(zhì)是什么？這是中國哲學的基本問題。春秋時期的思想家老子是第一個嘗試 進行闡釋的中國哲學家，老子認為“道”乃宇宙及世界之源。道無始終，“道”即“天”，“天” 即“道”。老子主張“道法自然”。這個觀點揭示了一個平凡但深刻的真理：天、地、人及世間 的一切都有著自然的屬性，人類作為自然的一部分應當遵循自然的法則，而不應無節(jié)制地向自然索取。

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