?語言與文化自考2017年10月真題

語言與文化自考2017年10月真題及答案解析

該試卷為自考語言與文化歷年真題試卷，包含答案及詳細解析。

一、單項選擇題

Multiple Choice Questions (20 points, 1 points for each) Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statements or answers the question. Blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

1.Language is______in that it is rule-governed.

A.vocal
B.systematic
C.uniquely human
D.used for communication

2.We say that culture is a_______phenomenon when we emphasize the contrast between society and nature.

A.social
B.intellectual
C.national
D.religious

3.______is a drink of spirits mixed with others or with various flavourings.

A.Whisky
B.Cocktail
C.Brandy
D.Wine

4.The word in English for“a young dog”is_______.

A.sow
B.foal
C.kitten
D.puppy

5.In English_____questions are formed by placing the auxiliary or modal verb before the subject and giving the rising intonation at the end of the sentence.

A.yes-no
B.wh-
C.alternative
D.tag

6.The onomatopoeic words in English and Chinese are used according to______ grammatical rules.

A.the same
B.similar
C.traditional
D.different

7.Which of the following personal names are quite common among the Chinese people?

A.Names of influential figures.
B.Names related to historical events.
C.Names of one’s grandparents.
D.Names associated with religion.

8.Which of the following statements is NOT often used for invitation?

A.I want to ask you to have dinner with me.
B.Shall we have dinner together next Sunday?
C.I’d like to invite you to dinner next Saturday.
D.I was wondering if you"d like to come to dinner with my family next Saturday.

9.The English saying “Oxford for learning, London for wit, Hull for women and York for horses”is a proverb related to______.

A.Greco-Roman civilization
B.navigation
C.geography
D.individualism

10.“Marathon”is an allusion from______.

A.sports
B.history
C.literature
D.religion

11.The following statements are metaphorical expressions about ideas. Which of the following does NOT indicate that ideas are people?

A.His ideas will live forever.
B.Cognitive psychology is still in its infancy.
C.The seeds of his great ideas were planted in his youth.
D.The theory of relativity gave birth to an enormous number of ideas in physics.

12.Of the following expressions involving the colour blue, “______”has some pleasant associations.

A.having the blues
B.a blue film
C.blue blood
D.blue ribbon

13.People use pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions to mask harsh or infamous truths. These words or expressions are termed as______.

A.euphemisms
B.honorifics
C.taboos
D.terms of humility

14.Which of the following is NOT a proper birthday gift to an American friend?

A.A bottle of wine.
B.A bunch of flowers.
C.A best-seller book.
D.A china god of longevity.

15.Text, which refers to any piece of spoken or written language, can be as short as one word like “______”.

A.can
B.stop
C.will
D.to

16.Causal relations can be found in “_______”.

A.I’d love to join in. Only I don’t know how to play.
B.All the figures were correct. Yet the total came out wrong.
C.I was not informed. Otherwise I should have taken some action.
D.All this time, the guard was looking at her, first through a telescope, then through a microscope.

17.A distinctive feature of English brand names is that many of them sound exotic, being words borrowed from other cultures, such as______.

A.Nike
B.Rolex
C.Chanel
D.Poison

18.A large number of technical terms can be found in______.

A.newspaper reporting
B.brand names
C.advertisements
D.English for science and technology

19.“Waging one’s forefinger”is used to______.

A.signify impatience
B.show defiance
C.mean coming here
D.warn others not to do something

20.Doctors’ touching their patients falls into the category of______.

A.socio-polite touch
B.functional-professional touch
C.love-intimacy touch
D.friendship-warmth touch

二、多項選擇題

Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternative can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)

11.In its broad sense culture may include_____as its components.

A.nature
B.human knowledge
C.value systems
D.materials for human life

12.Words such as “______” are borrowed from French.

A.belly
B.stomach
C.finish
D.complete

13.Modern European languages have fewer grammatical morphemes than such classical languages as_______.

A.Latin
B.Chinese
C.Sanskrit
D.ancient Greek

14.There are some fixed expressions that are used almost exclusively to greet others in English. What are they?

A.How do you do?
B.How is everything?
C.Where are you going?
D.Good morning.

15.“______” are idioms in relation to mannerism.

A.To split one’s sides with laughter
B.To ride one’s high horse
C.To miss a boat
D.To keep one’s own company

16.Of the following metaphorical expressions, which are about love?

A.There is always a market for good ideas.
B.Their marriage is on the mend.
C.There is incredible energy in their relationship.
D.There are too many facts here for me to digest them all.

17.Which of the following statements are the proper English translation of “請?zhí)釋氋F意見”?

A.Please give us your comments or suggestions.
B.What’s your opinion?
C.Could you give us your comments or suggestions?
D.Please make valuable comments.

18.Which of the following words or expressions can be used as textual connectives?

A.And.
B.When.
C.Well.
D.As a result

19.The pronunciation difference between American and British English can be found in the words “______”.

A.road
B.ask
C.also
D.wheel

110.Westerners are often seen to draw a cross by touching the forehead, breast and shoulders to invoke the blessing of Christ, when they are______.

A.depressed
B.shocked
C.sad
D.in trouble

三、填空題

Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)

21.When we discuss the definition of culture, _______institutions may include socio-economic, politico-legal, marital, familial institutions, etc.

22.A_______is a member of any Christian body which separated from the Roman Catholic Church at the Reformation.

23._______relations are found in constructions whose components are linked in meaning rather than through the use of conjunctions.

24.In English speaking countries one can praise members of one’s own family, while people may consider it bad taste in China. The above example shows that there exist cultural differences in______.

25.In most languages people enrich their speech or writing with indirect references to characters or events from culture. Such indirect references are called______.

26.In both English and Chinese black is often associated with_______qualities, as in “blacklist”,“black market” and “black-hearted”.

27.When a teacher says that a student takes over other’s things without permission, what he actually means is that the child may_______other’s things.

28.If the sentences in a text are connected by grammatical and/or lexical means, we say that they exhibit________.

29.In English medicines cannot be advertised, while in China medicine advertisements appear in large quantity in mass media. This fact shows there are_______contrasts underlying the linguistic contrast between English and Chinese advertising.

210.Nonverbal communication is a process of communication by means of nonverbal______.

四、簡答題

Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)

31.What is culture in its narrow sense called?

32.What is the expression in British English for a shop that sells medicines, toiletries, and various other small articles?

33.Why are brand names often coinages in English culture?

34.What is body language?

五、翻譯題

Translation. (18%)

41.a nine to five job

42.You are welcome.

43.The child is father of the man.

44.善意的謊言。

45.男女老少都參加了戰(zhàn)斗。

46.拜年。

六、論述題

Discuss the following topics. (20%)

51.How and why do English and Chinese speakers answer the negative questions differently?

52.Define the tenor and the vehicle, and illustrate how the tenor and the vehicle relate to each other in similes and metaphors, by analyzing the following two sentences.(1) The girl looks like her mother.(2) The girl looks like an angel