2011年6月湖南省學(xué)位英語考試真題及答案詳解

2011年06月湖南成人教育學(xué)位英語真題和答案詳解

Part I Dialogue Completion (15 points)

Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D .Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

1. Speaker A: Would you please pass the salt?.

Speaker B: But don’t put too much of it in the soup.

A. Here you are. B. There you go.

C. I sure do. D. My pleasure.

2. Speaker A: Good evening, George. Come in. How have you been?

Speaker B: .

Speaker A: Oh, reasonably well.

A. Just fine, thank you.

B. Well yes, thanks.

C. Could be better, thanks.

D. Nice, thank you.

3. Speaker A: I’d like to have my phone disconnected?

Speaker B: _________

Speaker A: Well, I’m moving to California for a new job there.

A. Give me a reason! B. You do?

C. Why is that? D. May I ask why?

4. Speaker A: Is Mrs. Johnson joining us for dinner?

Speaker B: Why did you ask?

Speaker A: I’d like her to try some Chinese food.

A. Not as I know. B. Never mind.

C. Not that I know of. D. She is not.

5. Speaker A: By the way, do you know how to use chopsticks?

Speaker B: That’s easy.

Speaker A: ________

Speaker B: I was stationed in China for five years, you know.

A. It is amazing!

B. Why did you say that?

C. It was impossible.

D. How did you learn to use them?

6. Speaker A: Are you ill?

Speaker B: . I’m just tired.

A. It’s all right. B. Exactly.

C. Not really. D. Don’t mention it.

7. Speaker A: Are you hungry?

Speaker B: Hungry?

Speaker A: So let’s go to the Italian restaurant near here.

A. I’m starving. B. I don’t know.

C. Not yet. D. It’s not my topic.

8. Speaker A: How about the professor’s lecture?

Speaker B: I find it very difficult to follow. ________

A. It’s so inspiring. B. It’s beyond me.

C. It’s so interesting. D. It’s not my topic.

9. Speaker A: Let’s go to the movies in Prickly tomorrow.

Speaker B: Ok, where should we meet?

Speaker A: _________ ---name the place and I’ll pick you up.

A. I’ll let you know.

B. I’ll tell you what.

C. You know what.

D. You just say it.

10. Speaker A: Were you planning to stop by the supermarket?

Speaker B: Yes. Would you like me to get you anything?

Speaker A: A loaf of bread, ________.

A. if any

B. if you like

C. if I were you

D. if you don’t mind

11. Speaker A: Do you have any job openings?

Speaker B: No, but if you fill out an application, ________.

A. we can keep it on file for a year

B. we can put it on notice

C. we’ll see what happens

D. we’ll call you when we have time

12. Speaker A: Hi, Russ. We are having a bit of trouble with the car, so we won’t be able to make it tonight. I’m really sorry.

Speaker B: .

A. That’s good. I’m busy at the moment, too.

B. Well, sorry to hear that. Want me to come get you?

C. Don’t worry about it. See you in a while.

D. Ok, great. Sorry about the inconvenience.

13. Speaker A: Why did you tell the whole world about my past?

Speaker B: .

A. Oh well, it’s done now. I can’t help.

B. I guess it doesn’t matter that much.

C. Well, I apologize. I got all excited.

D. Sorry. You shouldn’t complain to me.

14. Speaker A: Sorry about all the inconvenience.

Speaker B:

A. Ok. With great pleasure.

B. Don’t worry about it.

C. Oh, really? That’s ok.

D. I’m sorry to hear that.

15. Speaker A: Good morning, Dr. Hampton. May I come in?

Speaker B: Good morning, Gretchen. Of course.________

Speaker A: Well, we’ll have a dinner party, and we’d like to invite you especially.

A. What do you want to do?

B. Do you have anything to say?

C. How can I be of help?

D. Can you tell me why you are here?

PART II Reading Comprehension (40 points )

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Passage one

Plastic bags are fast choking our planet. They are expensive for not only consumers but also the environment; the need of the hour is therefore to come up with eco-friendly bags.

Environment friendly bags are the latest and most fashionable to bit the market. Environment friendly people want to be associated and seen with natural fiber bags. Multicolored patch work bags and printed bags are everyone’s favorite. Most eco-friendly bags are made of cotton. These bags are very comfortable and elegant. They are not only attractive but also long lasting.

A cotton bag is a simple and stylish way to eliminate waste and make a fashion statement. Cotton bags with unique patterns and designs are simple and stylish to carry around. Cotton fiber is soft-touch and most comfortable. Finishing processes of cotton are numerous, reflecting today’s tremendous range and combination of colors and special qualities. The bags are reusable and represent a sustainable alternative to traditional materials.

Introducing this exciting new message of environmental sustainability is Kariwala Green Bags, which makes a vast range of environment friendly bags. Its cotton bags are simple yet elegant. The collection is suit all needs and situations: beach bags, wine bottle bags, shopping and gift bags, promotional bags, and fashion bags.

The company, with its special emphasis on quality, has taken steps to carry the environmental message to the world ready to embrace a brighter ecological future. With its strong presence in over 42 countries worldwide, the company has transformed the simplest cotton bags into a revolution in the Western world.

Be the one to make a resolution to reduce the strain on Mother Nature and look good in the process. To make the earth a better place to live in and to know more about long-lasting and fashionable eco-friendly bags, please visit http://www.kariwala.com.

16. The phrase “to come up with” (Paragraph 1) means “________”.

A. to replace

B. to purchase

C. to produce

D. to ban

17. Cotton bags are becoming popular because they are _______.

A. strong and easy to keep

B. less costly and washable

C. eco-friendly and fashionable

D. light and convenient to carry

18. Kariwala is probably ________.

A. a new material for making bags

B. a manufacturer of bags

C. the name of a bag store.

D. an advertising agency

19. By “revolution” (Paragraph 5), the author probably refers to the _______.

A. great reduction of white pollution

B. a brand new style of bag design

C. a new way to promote cotton bags

D. widespread use of eco-friendly bags

20. The primary purpose of the author is to .

A. promote Kariwala cotton bags

B. advocate the advantages of cotton bags

C. highlight the importance of bag designs

D. persuade people to follow the fashion

Passage Two

A review of more than 160 studies of human subjects has found “clear and compelling evidence” that---all else being equal ---happy people tend to live longer and experience better health than their unhappy peers.

The study is the most comprehensive review so far of the evidence linking happiness to health. Its lead author ED Diener analyzed long-term studies of human subjects, experimental human trials, and studies that evaluate the health status of people stressed by natural events.

“We reviewed eight different types of studies,” Diener said. “And the general conclusion from each type of study is that your subjective well-being---that is, feeling positive about your life, not stressed out, not depressed---contributes to both long life and better health among healthy populations.”

A study that followed nearly 5,000 university students for more than 40 years, for example, found that those who were most pessimistic as students tended to die younger than their peers. An even longer-term study that followed 180 Catholic nuns from early adulthood to old age found that those who wrote positive accounts of their lives in their early 20s tended to live longer than those who wrote more negative ones.

There were a few exceptions, but most of long-term studies the researchers reviewed found that anxiety, depression, a lack of enjoyment of daily activities and pessimism are all associated with higher rates of disease and a shorter life.

While happiness might not by itself prevent or cure disease, posive emotions and enjoyment of life do contribute to better health and a longer life, Diener said.

“Happiness is no magic bullet,” he said. “But the evidence is clear and compelling that it changes your chances of getting disease or dying young.”

21. The word “compelling” (Paragraph 1) means “_______”.

A. direct

B. convincing

C. adequate

D. conclusive

22. According to Paragraph 2, Ed Diener .

A. studied the health conditions of the subjects B. conducted experimental human trials

C. made long-term studies of human subjects D. review other researchers’ studies

23. According to the studies on university students and Catholic nuns, who are more likely to live longer?

A. Well-educated people.

B. Optimistic people.

C. Open-minded people.

D. Religious people.

24. What is NOT mentioned as relevant to a shorter life?

A. Depression and anxiety.

B. Lack of enjoyment.

C. Constant lack of sleep.

D. Stress and pessimism.

25. By saying that “Happiness is no magic bullet” (Paragraph 7), Diener means that happiness .

A. is not ever lasting B. is not easy to obtain

C. is not a good treatment of diseases D. is not a guarantee of health and long life

Passage Three

Cold weather has a great effect on how our minds and our bodies work. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold”. For centuries the body’s blood has been linked closely with emotions. People who show no human emotions or feelings, for example, are said to be cold blooded.

Cold-blooded people act in cruel ways. They may do brutal things to others and not by accident. For example, a newspaper says the police are searching for a cold-blooded killer. The killer murdered someone not in self-defense or because he was reacting to anger or fear. He seemed to kill for no reason and with no emotion as if taking someone’s life meant nothing.

Cold can affect other parts of the body, the feet, for example. Heavy socks can warm your feet if your feet are really cold. But there is an expression “to get cold feet” that has nothing to do with cold or your feet. The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do. For example, you agreed to be president of an organization, but then you learned that all the other officers have resigned. All the work of the organization will be your responsibility. You are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation.

A cold fish is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone else. Someone who is a cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone else. Someone who is a cold fish could be cold hearted. Now a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathy. Several popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted men or cold-hearted women who without feeling broke the hearts of their lovers.

“Out in the cold” means not getting something that everybody else has got. A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise that he was left out in the cold and it is not a pleasant place to be in.

26. The focus of the passage is .

A. the meanings of expressions with “cold”

B. the influence of cold weather on our mind and body

C. why people are unhappy with cold weather

D. how some people become cold blooded

27. A cold-blooded killer may take the life of another person .

A. by accident B. for no reason

C. out of fear D. in self-defense

28. If a person “gets cold feet”, he or she may feel a little .

A. angry B. puzzled

C. disappointed D. frightened

29. A cold fish is a person who _______.

A. is indifferent to others’ sufferings

B. tends to turn down others’ help

C. remains cool in emergency

D. prefers to stay all alone

30. Which of the following expressions may mean “unlucky”?

A. Cold face. B. Cold feet.

C. Cold heart. D. Out in the cold.

Passage Four

The New York Times has reported on a problem that many of us have but are not aware of—Internet addiction. According to reporter Tara Parker-Pope, millions of us are addicted to being online. She says this is a growing problem that is making us more forgetful and impatient. Ms Parker-Pope writes about various reports highlighting how technology is changing people. In one, she quotes cyber-psychologist Dr. Elias Aboujaode who says: “More and more, life is resembling the chat room.” He said we are living in “virtual lifestyles”, which is negatively affecting our real-life relationships. Nicki Dowling, a clinical psychologist from Melbourne University in Australia, concluded in a recent study that ten per cent of young people had what she called “Internet dependence”.

Tara Parker-Pope quizzed experts in this field on what the signs of being overly absorbed in technology are. She came up with seven signs of “tech overload”. The first is whether you check your e-mail before doing other things. Another sign is if you always look forward to your next online visit — a sure sign of dependence and addiction. The third point is if you say, “just a few more minutes” when someone wants you. Parker-Pope found one’s communication with others also says a lot about how important the Internet is compared with family and friends; do you lie about how much time you spend online or choose to surf the Internet instead of going out with others? Other indicators include the “online lift” that stops you being unhappy, and others’ complaints about you always being online.

31. Which of the following can be the title of this passage?

A. Internet Addiction

B. Virtual Lifestyles

C. Indicators of Net Dependence

D. Importance of the Internet

32. According to Tara Parker-Pope, millions of people .

A. have realized the problem of Internet addiction

B. cannot get rid of their habit of staying online

C. have become more patient and careful online

D. welcome the changes brought about by technology

33. What does Dr. Elias Aboujaode think of the virtual lifestyles that we are living in?

A. They make people eager to talk to each other.

B. They make people more dependent on the Internet.

C. They have a negative effect on real-life relationships.

D. They get more people interested in online studies.

34. Which of the following is NOT a sign of Internet addiction?

A. Checking e-mail before doing anything else.

B. Expecting all the time the next online visit.

C. Surfing the Net instead of going out with others.

D. Arriving late for important appointments.

35. What does “tech overload” (Paragraph 2) mean in the passage?

A. Over-absorption in the Internet.

B. Over-dependence on e-mail.

C. Over-interest in technology.

D. Over-interaction with friends.

PART III Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)

Directions : There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentences. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

36. The girl learned to like the country dances almost other activities.

A. so much as B. as much as

C. as many as D. so many as

37. The turnover capacity of the harbor has increased this year.

A. by two fifth B. by two fifths

C. to two fifth D. to two fifths

38. It won’t be long our city can solve the problem of water pollution.

A. after B. before

C. since D. when

39. All information has been as carefully as possible to ensure that it is accurate.

A. saved B. downloaded

C. deleted D. checked

40. The note was to him of something he had to explain to his students.

A. inform B. warn

C. remind D. notify

41. Research opportunities in a wide range of pure and applied mathematics.

A. rise B. exist

C. happen D. stand

42. It is not for me to return all the books now because I still need some of them for my research.

A. convenient B. necessary

C. urgent D. advisable

43. For travelers, the dramatic combination of old and new makes for a journey unlike _______.

A. any other B. each other

C. one another D. every other

44. The manager first introduced himself to the new employees and then went on the company regulations.

A. with explaining B. explaining

C. to explain D. being explaining

45. Many of the world’s greatest novels are reported into films in the past few years.

A. to have been made B. to be made

C. having been made D. having made

46. There is no point to persuade him to take the risk of starting his own business.

A. to try B. in trying

C. of trying D. for trying

47. He heard someone when he happened to be passing through the village.

A. scream B. to scream

C. screaming D. screamed.

48. I really appreciate to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.

A. you to offer B. that you offer

C. your offering D. you offer.

49. After several rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute .

A. being settled B. to be settled

C. as being settled D. as settled

50. I wish to be understood that what he did has nothing to do with me.

A. it B. that

C. this D. there

51. the bad weather, no shipment will arrive this week.

A. On account of B. By means of

C. In spite of D. In front of

52. There is reason to believe that we are able to solve this problem on our own.

A. all B. each

C. any D. every

53. He her as soon as he came back from his business trip.

A. called in B. called at

C. called on D. called to

54. While wandering in the yard sale, I a famous painting.

A. came across B. came to

C. came at D. came for

55. There are some remote areas in the world that remain _______ by modern civilization.

A. unconcerned B. untouched

C. unobserved D. uncovered

56. Contrary to the prediction of the opposition, so far Mr. Modale has played largely ______ the rules.

A. for B. in

C. with D. by

57. The intelligence department was accused of failure to ______ the troops to a possible enemy attack.

A. instruct B. warn

C. dictate D. alert

58. We need someone really _______ who can organize the office and run it smoothly.

A. cheerful B. realistic

C. effective D. efficient

59. Valentine’s Day (February 14th) is the day ______ sweethearts exchange gifts or go out to dinner.

A. in which B. for that

C. on which D. by that

60. Economists estimate that prices next year will be much higher than _______ we are today.

A. how B. when

C. what D. where

61. Have you got any definite plans for your future you’ve completed your graduate studies?

A. now that B. but that

C. in that D. so that

62. It was ______ that all of us were eager to express our views.

A. so interesting topic B. such interesting topic

C. such interesting a topic D. so interesting a topic

63. People under a lot of may experience headaches, minor pains, and sleeping difficulties.

A. stress B. exposure

C. nervousness D. illness

64. Many social problems are obviously caused by uneven of wealth.

A. development B. management

C. distribution D. contribution

65. He should what he’s good at, and not switch to something he knows little about.

A. take on B. stick to

C. go after D. live on

66. His total possessions little more than the clothes he stood up in.

A. amounted to B. settled for

C. turned up D. equaled to

67. By last month my cousin more than two thousand stamps.

A. had been collecting B. has collected

C. would have collected D. had collected

68. In recent years, “Internet” has become one of the _______ words.

A. family B. home

C. house D. household

69. The of older person is relatively low in developing countries, but is growing faster than in the West.

A. statistics B. percentage

C. ranking D. ratio

70. Vicki never worried or hesitated about anything; she whatever she wanted and almost always got it.

A. went over B. went through

C. went for D. went without

71. Millions of people in the world go hungry today, not because there isn’t enough food, but because they just have no to the food.

A. access B. means

C. possibility D. right

72. When energy is converted from one from to another, some energy is always lost as heat.

________, no energy conversion is 100% efficient.

A. In other terms B. In other ways

C. In other words D. In other conditions

73. Fishing in the company of my father is the most precious memory of my childhood.

A. at times B. by far

C. since then D. in general

74. In social dancing, the participants dance for their own pleasure rather than for of the audience.

A. that B. one

C. those D. ones

75. Scientists are now looking for ways to electricity less expensively from renewable sources.

A. generate B. manufacture

C. construct D. transform

Part IV Cloze Test (10 points)

Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passag . For each numbered blank , there are 4 choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.

Many businesses, associations, and other organizations maintain a library to 76 the special needs of their workers and members. 77__ libraries fall into the general category of special libraries.

The library of a newspaper is a special library. 78 is the library of a bank, of an advertising agency, or of a company that makes airplanes. The New York Times, 79 , maintains a special library for the use of its editors and researchers.

Special libraries 80 from tiny rooms to huge buildings. Some spend millions of dollars each year providing library services. The 81 of special libraries depend on the needs of the organization they support. In fast-developing fields, special library collections may include few books. These libraries may rely 82 on journals, electronic resources, newspaper clippings, and research or government reports.

Most special libraries 83 helping their users keep up with rapid developments in a particular field of knowledge. Many of these users are professionals 84 need up-to-date information to make important decisions.

Most special libraries have 85 information on general topics. Therefore, special librarians make extensive use of other sources of information, such as on-line databases, government agencies, research libraries, and university libraries.

76. A. stress B. recognize C. serve D. consider

77. A. Some B. Such C. The other D. Many other

78. A. Also B. So C. Likewise D. Too

79. A. at first B. at last C. for example D. for the time being

80. A. differ B. stretch C. extend D. range

81. A. contents B. texts C. subjects D. details

82. A. rarely B. instead C. still D. readily

83. A. go through B. inquire into C. allow for D. focus on

84. A. who B. whoever C. whose D. which

85. A. much B. little C. many D. few

Part V Writing (15 points)

Directions: You are to write in no less than 120 words on the topic of “What I am proud of doing in my work OR my study”. Note: Choose only one to write about. Your writing may be based on the Chinese outline give below:

我在工作/學(xué)習(xí)中值得驕傲的事情是······

驕傲的理由是······

結(jié)論。

2011年06月湖南成人高等教育統(tǒng)一考試

學(xué)位英語真題答案詳解

參考答案及精解

PartⅠ. Dialogue Completion (15 points)

1. A 說話人A希望B能將鹽遞給他，由B的下半句可以推斷B應(yīng)該是完成了這個動作，因此選A，意思為“給你吧!”B (There you go)意為可以了，一般用來表示結(jié)束某段對話。答案C表示“我一定會做”，表決心。答案D表示“不客氣，不用謝”，別人表示感謝時的回答語。

2. A 問話人A詢問最近怎么樣(how have you been)，回答應(yīng)該是A“還行，還不錯”。Could be better.“還可以再好一些”

3. D 說話人A希望申請電話停機，并且他回答是因為工作要搬去加利福尼亞，屬于解釋電話停機的原因，所以應(yīng)該選D(請問我能知道為什么嗎?)，May I ask表示客氣地詢問。

4. C 說話人A詢問Mrs. Johnson是否會來吃晚餐，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容推斷回答應(yīng)該是否定的。沒有A選項這個表達方式;B表示“沒關(guān)系，不介意”;C表示“我不知道，據(jù)我所知并非如此”;D選項表示“她不是”。

5. D 從B的最后一句可以推斷他是在解釋自己為什么會使用筷子，因此A應(yīng)該是問“你是如何學(xué)會使用筷子的?”

6. C 從B的最后一句可以推斷他并不是真的生病了，而只是有點疲倦了(I’m just tired)，所以應(yīng)該選C(沒有)。A 表示“別客氣”;B表示“確實如此”;D表示“區(qū)區(qū)小事何足掛齒”。

7. A 說話人A詢問B是否餓了，并且建議到一個意大利餐館就餐，因此可以推斷B應(yīng)該是肚子餓了，所以選答案A，表示“我很餓”(starving=feel very hungry)的意思。

8. B 首先由A發(fā)起詢問，“教授的課怎么樣?”而B回答“很難聽懂”，因此可以推斷出答案應(yīng)該是B “我聽不懂”(It’s beyond me=It’s impossible for me to understand)。答案A表示“令人鼓舞”;答案C表示“非常有趣”;答案D表示“我不想談?wù)撨@個”。

9. D 題中2人在確定見面的地點，從A的回答來看，“你確定地方好了，我來接你”可以看出他把決定權(quán)交給B，所以答案是D“你決定好了”(you just say it)。

10. B 從對話可以看出，說話人B詢問說話人A是否需要從超市帶點什么，說話人A回答希望能夠帶個面包，所以答案B(如果你愿意的話)最符合說話的語氣。A表示“假若有的話”;C表示“如果我是你”，D表示“假若你不介意的話”。

11. A 說話人A詢問目前是否有職位空缺，B回答暫時沒有，那么答案A(填個申請表，我們將保留你的檔案一年)是最符合語境的。

12. C 根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，說話人A說明不能準時前來的原因是因為車子有點毛病，因此說話人B的回答用C選項(別擔(dān)心，稍后見)更符合題意。

13. C 說話人A對于說話人B到處傳播他的過去很惱怒，從說話人A的情緒可以判斷他很生氣，因此說話人B的回答C選項(對不起，我太激動了)能夠表明他道歉的誠意。

14. B 說話人A對于自己給說話人B所帶來的麻煩感到很抱歉，說話人B的回答用第二個選項(別太介意)更合適。A表示愿意幫忙時的用語，C表示“真的嗎?沒關(guān)系”，D表示“聽到……我很難過?！?

15. C 對來訪者的到來，一般的問候是“有什么可以幫忙的嗎?”ABD的答案略顯唐突。

PART II Reading Comprehension (40 points )

Passage 1

16. C 單詞釋義題。come up with提出;想出;趕上。replace取代，代替，替換，更換，歸還，償還，把…放回原處;purchase購買，贏得;produce生產(chǎn)，引起，創(chuàng)作;ban禁止，取締。

17. C 細節(jié)推斷題。文章的第二段講述環(huán)保袋非常流行，該段最后兩句解釋流行的原因，從這里可以推斷選項C符合題意。其它選項文中并未提及。

18. B 細節(jié)推斷題。由文章第四段第一句話(Introducing this exciting new message…which makes a vast range of environment friendly bags)中的關(guān)鍵詞make可以推斷出Kariwala應(yīng)該是一個環(huán)保袋生廠商，答案B符合題意。

19. D 邏輯推理題。從全文來看，作者強調(diào)的是widespread use of eco-friendly bags(環(huán)保袋的廣泛使用)，選項D和第五段的第二句話(With its strong presence in…)符合，其它選項不是文章的重點。

20. A 文章主旨題。從文章的最后一句話(讓地球成為一個更宜居的地方，要了解更多關(guān)于經(jīng)久耐用時尚環(huán)保的購物袋，請訪問……網(wǎng)址)可以推斷出作者寫作本文的主要意圖是為Kariwala品牌的環(huán)保袋做宣傳。

參考譯文：

塑料袋快要令我們的星球得以窒息。對消費者來說它們很昂貴，而且對我們的環(huán)境更是如此;當前的需要就是設(shè)計出(生產(chǎn)出)環(huán)保袋。

環(huán)保袋是市場上最新最時尚的亮點。環(huán)保人士想要被人看見自己與天然竹纖維袋相關(guān)聯(lián)。五彩斑斕的補丁工作袋和印刷袋是每個人的最愛。大多數(shù)的環(huán)保袋是用棉布做成的。這些袋子十分舒服，而且美觀。他們不僅僅好看，而且能長久使用。

一個棉布袋是一種可以用來減少浪費且簡單流行的方式，并且時尚美觀。擁有獨一無二的類型和設(shè)計的棉布袋攜帶起來十分簡便而且時尚。棉纖維摸上去十分柔軟而且舒適。棉布制作過程的完成有著巨大的工作量，這反映了今天顏色和特性方面巨大的結(jié)合和安排。這種袋子是可以再次使用的，它代表著一種可持續(xù)使用的材料能夠替代了傳統(tǒng)材料。

帶來此項振奮人心的環(huán)境可持續(xù)性新消息的是卡里瓦拉的綠袋子，它們是一大批環(huán)保袋。它們的棉布袋簡約而又不失優(yōu)雅。它們可以滿足任何需求：沙灘袋、酒瓶袋、購物袋、禮品袋、促銷袋和時尚袋。

這家注重質(zhì)量的公司，已經(jīng)著手把環(huán)境信息傳遞給世界，準備迎接一個生態(tài)美好的未來。這家公司在世界范圍內(nèi)遍布42個，它已經(jīng)投入到了西方世界最簡單的棉布袋革命中。

讓我們成為革命的一員來減少對環(huán)境的損害，讓它在這進程中越來越好。讓世界變得更適宜人類居住，想要了解更多關(guān)于耐用，時尚的環(huán)保袋的知識，請訪問http://www.kariwala.com。

Passage Two

21. B 單詞釋義題。direct直接的，直系的;convincing使人信服的，有力的，令人心悅誠服的;adequate足夠的，充足的，適當?shù)?，能勝任?conclusive決定性的，最后的，確實的，確定性的。compelling在此句中作“有力的”理解，符合這個意思的是選項B。

22. D 細節(jié)推斷題。從第二段第二句的關(guān)鍵詞analyze(Its lead author ED Diener analyzed long-term studies of human subjects)推斷出ED Diener并不是自己親自做實驗，而只是回顧前人的研究，因此選項D符合題意。

23. B 邏輯推理題。文章的第四段列舉了關(guān)于大學(xué)生和修女的兩個例子，這兩個例子都是為了說明作者的中心觀點：樂觀積極的(optimistic=positive)人更長壽。因此選項B符合題意。

24. C 細節(jié)推斷題。從(“anxiety, depression, a lack of enjoyment of daily activities and pessimism are all associated with higher rates of disease and a shorter life”)此句可以判斷選項C并未包括在內(nèi)。

25. D 邏輯推理題。由此句While happiness might not by itself prevent or cure disease(然而幸福本身可能無法預(yù)防或治療疾病)可以推斷，幸福感并不是健康和長壽的保障(not a guarantee of health and long life)。

參考譯文：

一個160多項人類研究的分析報告發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個“清晰而又令人信服的證據(jù)”——所有的研究都是一樣的——幸福的人往往更長壽，而且比那些不幸福的人更加健康。

這項研究是目前為止對幸福和健康關(guān)聯(lián)度證據(jù)中最全面的分析報告。該文的首席作者埃德·迪納對人類實驗對象的長期研究，實驗性的人體測試，評估受自然事件壓迫人群的健康狀況的研究進行了分析。

“我們分析了8種不同類型的研究，”迪納說?！皬拿糠N研究類型中得出的普遍結(jié)論就是你的主觀幸福感——即對生活的積極向上，不那么有壓力，不那么心情沮喪——這有益于健康人群的長壽和更加健康。

一項為期40多年、涉及5000名大學(xué)生的研究成果顯示，最悲觀的大學(xué)生往往要比其他大學(xué)生早亡。一項持續(xù)時間更長、以180名年齡為青年到老年的天主教修女為對象的研究也發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在20出頭開始記錄開心事情的修女比那些記錄更多消極事情的修女要活得更長。

這其中也有一些例外，但是研究者所分析的絕大多數(shù)長期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，焦慮、抑郁、對日常生活的冷漠以及悲觀都與高疾病率和短命有關(guān)聯(lián)。

然而幸福本身可能無法預(yù)防或治療疾病，迪納說懷有積極的情感和對生活的熱愛確實有助于更加健康和更加長壽。

他說， 盡管“幸福快樂不是靈丹妙藥”，“但是證據(jù)是清楚而有說服力的，幸?？鞓芳瓤蓽p少患病幾率，也可降低早亡幾率?！?

Passage Three

26. A 文章主旨題。從第一段第二句話“Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold””和后面的詞組“cold-blooded”，“to get cold feet”，“cold fish”，“cold-hearted”，“out in the cold”可以判斷，本文所討論的重點是與cold有關(guān)的詞組的意義(the meanings of expressions with “cold”)，因此A符合題意。

27. B 細節(jié)推斷題。由文章第二段(The killer murdered someone not in self-defense or because he was reacting to anger or fear. He seemed to kill for no reason…)句可以推斷答案B符合題意。

28. D 細節(jié)推斷題。to get cold feet(臨陣退縮)。由(The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do.)可以找出frightened(害怕的)為正確答案。Angry意為生氣的，puzzled意為困惑的，disappointed意為失望的。

29. A 細節(jié)推斷題。由第四段第二句話中的關(guān)鍵短語(shows no love or warmth)可以判斷，cold fish應(yīng)該是指冷漠的人。選項A符合題意。

30. D 細節(jié)推斷題。文章最后一段解釋out in the cold這個短語，由關(guān)鍵句子(“Out in the cold” means not getting something that everybody else has got.)可以判斷這個短語表示不走運的意思。Cold face文章并未提及，Cold feet表示害怕，Cold heart表示冷酷的。

參考譯文：

寒冷的天氣對我們的思維和身體機能有著非常大的影響。也許，這就是為什么有那么的詞語都會用到冷(cold)這個單詞。幾個世紀以來，人們一直將身體里流動的血液和情感緊密地聯(lián)系在一起。例如，那些沒有人類情感或感情的人會被稱為冷血(cold-blooded)。

冷血的人行事方式殘忍，他們也許會故意對他人做出很殘暴的事情。例如，報紙上說，警察正在搜捕一個冷血殺手。他殺人并非出于自衛(wèi)，或是因為憤怒或恐懼而做出的本能反應(yīng)。他似乎是無緣無故地殺人，非常無情，好像奪走他人的生命并沒有什么大不了的。

寒冷會影響身體其它部位，例如，腳。如果你的雙腳真的很冷，那么(穿上)厚厚的襪子可以給腳保暖。但有個詞語臨陣退縮(to get cold feet)，它跟冷或腳沒有什么關(guān)系。這個詞語的意思是：對自己已經(jīng)決定要做的事情感到害怕。例如，你同意擔(dān)任某個機構(gòu)的主席。但就在這時，你得知所有其他管理人員都辭職了，這家機構(gòu)的所有工作都將由你一個人負責(zé)。當你搞清楚這個局面之后，你可能會對擔(dān)任主席一職想臨陣退縮。

冷血動物(cold fish)并非說魚，而是指人，是指那種不友好、無情又無愛的冷酷的人。冷血動物不會向任何人敞開心扉。像冷血動物一樣的人，可能會表現(xiàn)的冷酷無情(cold-hearted)。如今，冷酷無情的人是指沒有同情心的人。近年來，有幾首流行歌曲描述了冷酷無情的男男女女，他們很無情地讓自己的愛人心碎。

坐冷板凳(out in the cold)是個能經(jīng)常聽到的詞語。它的意思是沒有獲得其他每個人都得到的東西。某個人也許會說，除了他之外，每個人都加了薪，他被丟在冷板凳上。冷板凳真不是人坐的好地方。

Passage Four

31. A 文章主旨題。題干希望提供一個標題，只有概括了全文內(nèi)容的選項才能符合題意。從全文來看，第一段主要描述網(wǎng)絡(luò)成癮的危害，第二段主要描述了網(wǎng)絡(luò)成癮的癥狀，因此A符合題意。選項B和C只是部分內(nèi)容，選項D不符合題意。

32. B 細節(jié)推斷題。選項A是錯誤表達，文章第一句提及人們并未意識到這個問題。由第一段第二句(millions of us are addicted to being online.)判斷選項B(不能改掉上網(wǎng)成癮的習(xí)慣)符合題意。選項C是錯誤表達，和文章內(nèi)容相反(making us more forgetful and impatient);選項D文中未出現(xiàn)。

33. C 細節(jié)推斷題。由(which is negatively affecting our real-life relationships)此句可判斷選項C(對我們的現(xiàn)實生活有著負面影響)為正確答案。

34. D 細節(jié)推斷題。從文章第二段可以看出，選項ABC都是網(wǎng)癮的表現(xiàn)，而選項D文章并未提到。

35. A 單詞釋義題。由此句(She came up with seven signs of “tech overload”.她提出了網(wǎng)癮的七條表現(xiàn)形式)可以判斷tech-overload是指上網(wǎng)成癮的意思。因此選項A符合題意。選項B只是網(wǎng)癮的表現(xiàn)形式之一，不全面。選項C中technology一詞偏大。選項D文中并未提到。

參考譯文：

紐約時報報道了一個我們大多數(shù)人都有的，但卻沒有注意到的問題——網(wǎng)絡(luò)成癮。根據(jù)記者塔拉·帕克·鮑博說，成千上百萬的人們都有網(wǎng)癮。她說這是一個日漸嚴重的問題，它讓我們變得更加健忘和不耐煩。帕克·鮑博小姐寫了很多有關(guān)強調(diào)技術(shù)正在改變?nèi)藗兊膱蟮?。在其中一篇報道中，她引用了網(wǎng)絡(luò)心理學(xué)博士艾拉斯·阿布扎德的話：“生活越來越像聊天室了?！彼f我們正在“虛擬生活方式”中生活，這種生活方式負面地影響著我們現(xiàn)實生活中的人際關(guān)系。尼克·道林，一位來自澳大利亞墨爾本大學(xué)的臨床心理學(xué)家，在最近一項研究調(diào)查中總結(jié)道，有10%的年輕人都有他說稱道的“網(wǎng)絡(luò)依賴癥”。

塔拉·帕克·鮑博就什么是過分沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的標志咨詢了這一領(lǐng)域的希賽網(wǎng)。她提出了七個“技術(shù)超載”的標志。第一個標志是，你是否在做其他事情的之前檢查郵件。第二項是你是否很期待等會就上網(wǎng)---一個網(wǎng)絡(luò)依賴和成癮的確定標志。第三項，如果當別人找你有事時，你總是說“再等等”。帕克·鮑博發(fā)現(xiàn)一個人與其他人的交流同樣也很能反映出與家庭和朋友相比互聯(lián)網(wǎng)有多么重要。對于你會花多少時間上網(wǎng)或選擇網(wǎng)上沖浪而不和別人出去玩，你會撒謊嗎?其他指標包括“掛在網(wǎng)上”讓你變得快樂，并且其他人對你的抱怨也只會在上網(wǎng)出現(xiàn)。

Part III. Vocabulary and Structures (20 points)

36. B so much as甚至于;連……都不;as much as差不多，盡…那樣多;as many as多達，和……一樣多;so many as用于否定句當中，相當于as many as。題干意思：這個女孩學(xué)會喜歡鄉(xiāng)村音樂和喜歡其他活動差不多。

37. B two fifths五分之二。題干意思：這個港口今年的吞吐能力增加了五分之二。

38. D It won’t be long before要不了多久，不久以后。題干意思：不久以后，我們這座城市就能夠解決水污染問題。

39. D save節(jié)省，保存，儲蓄，解救;download下載;delete刪除;check檢查，制止，寄存。題干意思：所有信息都被盡可能仔細地檢查過了，以確保其精確。

40. A inform通知，告訴，報告;warn警告，提醒，通知;remind提醒，使想起;notify通告，通知，公布。remind sb of sth使某人想起，提醒某人想起某事，提醒某人做某事。題干意思：這張便條是為了提醒他某些他必須給學(xué)生解釋的事情。

41. B rise上升，增強，起立，高聳;exist存在，生存，生活，繼續(xù)存在;happen發(fā)生，碰巧，偶然遇到;stand使站立，忍受，抵抗。題干意思：研究機會在純數(shù)學(xué)和應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)廣泛存在。

42. A convenient方便的，便利的;necessary必要的，必需的，必然的;urgent緊急的，急迫的;advisable明智的，可取的，適當?shù)?。題干意思：我不方便現(xiàn)在就歸還所有的書，因為我的研究還需要其中的一些書。

43. A unlike any other與眾不同。題干意思：對于旅行者來說，戲劇性的新舊組合使得這次旅游與眾不同。

44. B go on doing sth繼續(xù)做某事。題干意思：經(jīng)理首先向員工介紹了自己，然后繼續(xù)介紹了公司的規(guī)章制度。

45. C 本題考查的是完成式的被動語態(tài)。題干意思：許多世界上最有名的小說在過去幾年被報道拍成了電影。

46. B There is no point in doing sth.沒必要做某事;做……沒有意義。題干意思：沒有必要說服他冒險開始他自己的事業(yè)。

47. C hear sb doing聽見某人正在做某事。題干意思：當他碰巧通過村莊時，他聽到有人尖叫。

48. C appreciate往往接doing結(jié)構(gòu)。題干意思：非常感謝你的主動幫助，但是我確信我自己可以搞定。

49. B regard …as把……當作，把……看作。題干意思：經(jīng)過幾輪的談判之后，雙方認為領(lǐng)土爭端將會得到解決。

50. A it指代that引導(dǎo)的從句。題干意思：我希望大家理解他所做的與我無關(guān)。

51. A On account of由于;因為;為了……的緣故;By means of用，依靠;In spite of盡管，不管，不顧;In front of在……前面。題干意思：由于惡劣天氣，本周不會有貨運到港。

52. D There is every reason to believe that有充分理由相信。題干意思：有充分理由可以相信，我們自己能夠解決這個問題。

53. C called in召集，召來;called at拜訪，訪問，?？?車站);called on訪問，拜訪，號召，請求;called to打電話給，呼喚，向…喊，(動物)向…發(fā)出特有的叫聲。call on sb看某人。題干意思：他出差一回來就去看她了。

54. A came across偶遇，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)，講得清楚明白，給人…印象;came to想起，共計;came at攻擊，襲擊，達到，得到;came for為某種目的而來取，向……沖來，對……進行襲擊。題干意思：在庭院拍賣會閑逛時，我無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)了一幅名畫。

55. B unconcerned不關(guān)心的，無關(guān)的，無憂慮的;untouched未受影響的，未改變的，未觸動過的，不受感動的;unobserved未被遵守的，未被注意的;uncovered無覆蓋物的，[保險] 未保險的，無蓋的。題干意思：世界上仍然有現(xiàn)代文明尚未觸及的遙遠地區(qū)。

56. D play by the rules遵守游戲規(guī)則;依著游戲規(guī)矩走;一切都照規(guī)矩。題干意思：雖然與反對派的意見相左，到目前為止，摩達爾先生還是很能遵守游戲規(guī)則。

57. D instruct指導(dǎo)，通知，命令，教授;warn警告，提醒，通知;dictate命令，口述，使聽寫;alert警告，使警覺，使意識到。If you alert someone to a situation, especially a dangerous or unpleasant situation, you tell them about it。題干意思：情報部門因為沒有提醒軍隊可能有敵方襲擊而被控告。

58. D cheerful高興的，快樂的;realistic現(xiàn)實的，現(xiàn)實主義的，逼真的，實在論的;effective有效的，起作用的，實際的，實在的，給人深刻印象;efficient有效率的，有能力的，生效的。題干意思：我們需要真正能干的人來管理這個辦公室(或辦事處)并使之順利地運作起來。

59. C 表示在具體某一天用介詞on。題干意思：情人節(jié)(2月14號)就是情人交換禮物或一起出去吃飯的日子。

60. D how怎樣;when什么時候;what什么;where在哪里。題干意思：經(jīng)濟學(xué)家們估計明年的物價將比現(xiàn)在所處的物價還有高。

61. A now that既然，由于;but that要不是，若非;in that因為;so that以便，所以。題干意思：既然你完成了你的研究生學(xué)習(xí)，你對你自己的未來有什么確定的計劃嗎?。

62. D 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的句型主要有：so+adj(adv)+that從句;so+adj+a(an)+n+that從句;such+a(an)+adj+n+that從句。表示“這樣……(一個)……以至于……”。題干意思：這個討論話題是如此之有趣，以至于我們都想表達自己的觀點。

63. A stress緊張，壓力;exposure暴露，曝光，揭露，陳列;nervousness神經(jīng)過敏，緊張不安;illness病;疾病。題干意思：人們在壓力下會感到頭疼、不適、睡不好覺。。

64. C development發(fā)展，顯影;management管理，經(jīng)營，處理;distribution分發(fā)，分配，散布，分布;contribution貢獻，捐獻，投稿。題干意思：很多社會問題很明顯是由財富的分配不均所造成的。

65. B take on承擔(dān)，呈現(xiàn)，具有，流行，接納，雇用，穿上;stick to堅持，粘住;go after追求，追逐;live on以……為食;靠……生活。題干意思：他應(yīng)當堅持他所擅長的事情，而不應(yīng)當換到他知之甚少的行當。

66. A amounted to相當于，總計為;settled for滿足于，退而求其次，勉強接受某事物;turned up出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生，開大，發(fā)現(xiàn)，卷起，使仰臥;equaled to等于;勝任。題干意思：他的全部財產(chǎn)，除了身上所穿的外，別無他物。

67. D By加時間，后面的的時態(tài)規(guī)則是：如果加現(xiàn)在，就用現(xiàn)在完成時;加過去的時間點，用過去完成時;加將來的時間點，用將來完成時。題干意思：到上個月，我堂兄已經(jīng)收集了兩千多枚郵票。

68. D family家庭的，家族的;home國內(nèi)的，家庭的，有效的;house住宅，家庭，機構(gòu)，議會，某種用途的建筑物;household家庭的，日常的，王室的。題干意思：近年來，“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)”已經(jīng)成為了一個家喻戶曉的詞了。

69. B statistics統(tǒng)計，統(tǒng)計數(shù)字，統(tǒng)計學(xué);percentage百分比，百分率，百分數(shù);ranking分等級，名次，隊;ratio比，比率。題干意思：老年人數(shù)的百分比在發(fā)展中相對低，但是增長比西方快很多。

70. C go over復(fù)習(xí)，重溫，仔細檢查，轉(zhuǎn)變，潤色;go through參加，經(jīng)受，仔細檢查，被通過;go for去找，被認為，主張，擁護，努力獲取;go without沒有……也行。題干意思：Vicki從來對任何事情都不曾擔(dān)憂或猶豫，她追求她想要的，而且總是能夠如愿以償。

71. A access通路，進入，使用之權(quán);means方法，手段;possibility可能性;right權(quán)利。have no access to無法獲得，沒有機會享受，沒有接觸過。題干意思：當今我們世界數(shù)以百萬的人正面臨著饑餓，這不是因為缺乏食物，而是因為他們無法獲得食物。

72. C In other terms以其他的術(shù)語來說;In other ways在其他方面，用別的方式;In other words換句話說;In other conditions在其它情況下。In other words=That is to say表示解釋和說明。題干意思：當能量從一種形式轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種形式時，一些熱能總會丟失。換句話說，能量轉(zhuǎn)換的效率并不是100%的。

73. B at times有時，偶爾;by far到目前為止，遠，非常 (與比較級或較高級連用);since then從那時以來;in general總之，通常，一般而言。題干意思：在我父親公司捕魚的事情是我兒時最珍貴的記憶。

74. A that那，那個;one一個;those那些;ones其中之一個。該題所填的空應(yīng)該是個代詞，指代前面的“pleasure”，而“pleasure”是個不可數(shù)名詞，因此用that來替代“pleasure”.題干意思：在跳交際舞時，跳舞者跳舞是為了自己的愉悅而不是為了觀眾的愉悅。

75. A generate產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生;manufacture制造，加工，捏造;construct建造，構(gòu)造，創(chuàng)立;transform改變，使……變形，轉(zhuǎn)換。generate electricity發(fā)電。題干意思：科學(xué)家們正在尋求利用可再生資源發(fā)電更便宜的方法。

Part Ⅳ. Close

76. C stress強調(diào)，使緊張，加壓力于，用重音讀;recognize認出，識別，承認;serve招

待，供應(yīng)，為……服務(wù)，對……有用，可作……用;consider考慮，認為，考慮到，細

想。serve the needs of 符合……的需要，滿足……的需求。

77. B Some一些，少許，某一;Such這樣的，如此的;The other另一個;Many other許多其他的。Such libraries(這些圖書館)符合語境。

78. B 四個選項中只有So可以用于倒裝，表示“同樣也是”。

79. C at first起先，首先，最初;at last最后，終于;for example例如;for the time being

暫時。能夠做插入語的只有for example，用于舉例說明。

80. D differ不一致，不同;stretch伸展，張開;extend延伸，擴大，推廣，伸出，給予，

使竭盡全力，對…估價;range排列，歸類于，延伸。range from...to在一定幅度或范圍

內(nèi)變動;從…到…變動。

81. A contents內(nèi)容，目錄，滿足，容量;texts文本，課文，主題;subjects主題，科目，主語，國民;details細節(jié)，詳情。根據(jù)上下文語境，(藏書)內(nèi)容最適合。

82. B rarely很少地，難得，罕有地;instead代替，反而;still仍然，更，靜止地;readily

容易地，樂意地，無困難地。前一句話說“include few books”，后一句又說“期刊、電

子資源、報刊剪輯以及研究或政府報告”。根據(jù)這個情境，只有instead適合語境。

83. D go through參加，經(jīng)受，仔細檢查，被通過;inquire into調(diào)查，探究;allow for考慮

到，慮及;focus on集中于，專注于。

84. A professionals在這里是先行詞，need在本句中是做動詞，這說明其前面需要個主語。連接professionals，即能夠做主語的，只有who.

85. A 根據(jù)“extensive use of other sources of information”可知修飾前一句information的詞

應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)，information又是不可數(shù)名詞，因此用much。

參考譯文：

許多企業(yè)、協(xié)會和其他機構(gòu)都開設(shè)了一個圖書館，其目的是滿足其員工和成員的特殊需求。這些圖書館屬于特殊圖書館的一般范疇。

報紙圖書館是一個特殊的圖書館。銀行圖書館、廣告公司圖書館或者飛機制造公司圖書館同樣都是特殊圖書館。例如，《紐約時報》就開設(shè)了一個供其編輯和研究人員使用的特殊圖書館。

特殊圖書館的大小可以從小房間延伸到大建筑。有些圖書館為提供圖書服務(wù)，每年花上了好數(shù)以百萬美金。特殊圖書館的藏書內(nèi)容主要依賴他們資助機構(gòu)的需求。在快速發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域，圖書館的館藏可能包括的書很少。這些圖書館反而很可能主要依賴期刊、電子資源、報刊剪輯以及研究或政府報告。

絕大多數(shù)特殊圖書館專注于幫助其用戶在某個特殊的知識領(lǐng)域跟上其快速的發(fā)展。這些用戶當中的很多人是需要最新信息來做重要決定的希賽網(wǎng)。

絕大多數(shù)特殊圖書館有很多關(guān)于普通話題的信息。因此，特殊圖書管理員可以廣泛地使用其它的信息來源，比如網(wǎng)上數(shù)據(jù)庫、政府機構(gòu)、研究型圖書館和大學(xué)圖書館。

Part Ⅴ Writing：

What I am proud of doing in my study

As a student, the most remarkable thing I ever remembered is doing chemical experiments. This is also what I am proud of doing in my study. I cherish every chance when there is a time for doing experiments. The reasons may be listed as the following.

To begin with, doing chemical experiments is a good way to deepen my understanding of what I have learned in my chemistry class. Learning science is absolutely different from learning humanistic subjects. It emphasizes more on the application of book knowledge. When doing experiments, I am happy to check the knowledge in my textbook during the process of experiment and it is in this process that I developed a strong interest in chemistry and laid a solid foundation for my further study. Secondly, doing experiments is beneficial for developing a strict and precise attitude toward science. I should be extreme careful when designing experiments because no small mistakes are allowed, otherwise I cannot obtain the expected results. Besides, since it is very easy for various chemical elements to react when mixed together, I should decide the precise amount used in experiments. All these contribute to develop a strict mind.

To conclude, doing chemical experiments is the most rewarding experiences in my study. I am proud of the ability in doing experiments.