湖北省學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試真題及答案（3）

第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題，共50分)

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用黑色簽字筆填寫(xiě)在試卷密封線(xiàn)內(nèi)指定位置。

2.用黑色簽字筆將答案直接答在卷面指定位置。

3.考試結(jié)束時(shí)，考生將本試卷交回。

Part IV Translation( 20 points)

Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Then translate the underlined sentences marked from 51-55 into Chinese.You should write your translation on the Answer Sheet.

As part of more comprehensive compliance and ethics programs, many companies have formulated internal policies pertaining to the ethical conduct of employees.These policies can be simple exhortations in broad, highly-generalized language ( typically called a corporate ethics statement), or they can be more detailed policies, containing specific behavioral requirements (typically called corporate ethics codes).51They are generally meant to identify the company's expectations of workers and to offer guidance on handling some of the more common ethical problems that might arise in the course of doing business.52 It is hoped that having such a policy will lead to greater ethical awareness , consistency in application, andthe avoidance of ethical disasters.

53. An increasing number of companies also requires employees to attend seminars regarding business conduct, which often include discussion of the company's policies, specific case studies, and leEal requirements. Some companies even require their employees to sign agreements stating that they will abide by the company's rules of conduct.

Many companies are assessing the environmental factors that can lead employees to engage in unethical conduct.A competitive business environment may call for unethical behavior.Lying has become expected in fields such as trading.An example of this are the issues surrounding the unethical actions of the Saloman Brothers.

Not everyone supports corporate policies that govern ethical conduct. Some claim that ethical problems are better dealt with by depending upon employees to use their own judgment.

Others believe that corporate ethics policies are primarily rooted in utilitarian concerns, and that they are mainly to limit the company's legal liability, or to curry public favor by giving the appearance of being a good corporate citizen.Ideally, the company will avoid a lawsuit because its employees will follow the rules.54 .Should a lawsuit occur, the company can claim that the problem would not have arisen if the employee had only followed the code properly.

Sometimes there is disconnection between the company's code of ethics and the company's actual practices. 55. Thus, whether or not such conduct is explicitly sanctioned by management, at worst, this makes the policy duplicitous (搞兩面派的) , and, at best, it is merely a marketing tool.

PartⅣ

51.【譯文】它們的目的是，在處理一些在做業(yè)務(wù)過(guò)程中可能出現(xiàn)的更普遍的倫理問(wèn)題時(shí)，確定公司對(duì)員工的預(yù)期并提供指導(dǎo)。

【解析】該句是帶有定語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)句子，ethical problems后是修飾其的定語(yǔ)從句。be meant to意為目的，打算。

52.【譯文】希望擁有這樣的政策將帶來(lái)更強(qiáng)的道德意識(shí)、運(yùn)用的連貫性及道德災(zāi)難的避免。

【解析】本句帶有主語(yǔ)從句，that后引出的是主語(yǔ)從句，由于主句為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，翻譯時(shí)可進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換，譯為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

53.【譯文】越來(lái)越多的公司也要求員工參加與商業(yè)行為有關(guān)的研討會(huì)，這些會(huì)議通常包含公司政策、具體的案例分析及法律要求。

【解析】本句帶有非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，which后引出定語(yǔ)從句，修飾seminars，翻譯時(shí)為避免定語(yǔ)過(guò)長(zhǎng)，可重復(fù)被修飾的成分。

54.【譯文】如果發(fā)生訴訟，公司將宣稱(chēng)，假如員工完全遵守了條例，就不會(huì)發(fā)生問(wèn)題。

【解析】本句兩處帶有虛擬語(yǔ)氣，有should引出的虛擬句表示發(fā)生的概率很小，由if引出的虛擬句表示對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè)，如果…，將會(huì)…。

55.【譯文】因此，無(wú)論這種行為是否由管理層明確批準(zhǔn)，最壞的結(jié)果是，它將使政策變得模棱兩可，最好的結(jié)果是，它僅僅是一個(gè)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)工具。

【解析】本題含由whether引出的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為無(wú)論是否，at worst表示最壞的結(jié)果是，at best表示最好的結(jié)果是.