2020年公共英語三級(jí)語法解析：動(dòng)名詞

動(dòng)名詞由動(dòng)詞變化而來，由名詞的屬性，所以可以當(dāng)主語，賓語，表語等。所以在很多句子中動(dòng)名詞的用法和動(dòng)詞不定式相同。

一、動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成

(1)直接加ing。

(2)去掉不發(fā)音的e加ing。

(3)雙寫結(jié)尾輔音字母加ing。

注：要滿足重讀、閉音節(jié)、結(jié)尾是一個(gè)輔音字母、輔音字母前是一個(gè)元音字母這些全部條件才能雙寫加ing。

(4)tie、die、lie把ie變y加ing。

二、動(dòng)名詞的用法

(1)作主語

Playing football is my favorite sport.

Travelling with friends at weekend is fun.

作主語的動(dòng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜且長時(shí)，可用it作形式主語。如：

It is fun travelling with friends at weekend.

(2)作賓語

I enjoy playing PC game.

He gave up writing five years ago.

(3)作表語

What he hated most was doing nothing.

Seeing is believing.

動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)，句子的主語常是無生命名詞或what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。

(4)作定語

There's a dining room in my school.

All the people watching laughed.

(5)動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)"物主代詞(或名詞的所有格)+動(dòng)名詞"。如：

Tom's going home late made her mother angry.

Would you mind my opening the window?

不過，動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語在遇到以下情況時(shí)，必須用名詞的普通格(或人稱代詞的賓格)。

①無生命名詞

The girls were afraid of the door suddenly closing.

Fire burns better by oxygen being at work.

②有生命名詞，但表泛指。

Have you ever heard of girls smoking?

③兩個(gè)以上的有生命的名詞并列。

Do you still remember my parents and me coming to see you that day?

3.后面常接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞和短語

mind,enjoy,finish,consider,practise,magine,

keep,suggest,advise,allow,permit,

be worth doing,be used to doing,be busy doing,

can't help doing,it is no good doing,it is no use doing,

look forward to doing,stick to doing,pay attention to doing,

devote to doing,lead to doing