2020年公共英語三級(jí)語法解析：介詞

介詞是一種虛詞，不能單獨(dú)使用，數(shù)量雖然不多，但它與動(dòng)詞、形容詞會(huì)形成很多搭配。

1、介詞和種類

(1)簡單介詞，常用的有at,in,on,about,across,before,beside,for,to,without等。

(2)復(fù)合介詞，如by means of,along with,because of,in front of,instead of等。

2、介詞和其他詞類的習(xí)慣搭配關(guān)系

(1)和動(dòng)詞的搭配，如agree with,ask for,belong to,break away from,care about等。

(2)和形容詞的搭配，如afraid of,angry with,different from,good at

(3)和名詞的搭配，如answer to,key to,reason for,cause of,visit to等.

3、介詞短語可以有自己的修飾語，這種修飾語通常有right,just,badly,all,well,directly,completely等少數(shù)幾個(gè)副詞。如：

He came right after dinner.

He lives directly opposite the school.

4、某些介詞的意義與用法舉例

(1)at,on,in(表時(shí)間)

表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)用at,如at four o'clock,at midnight等;表示不確定的時(shí)間或短期假日也用at,如at that time,at Christmas等。

指某天用on,如on Monday,on the end of November,指某天的朝夕用on,如on Friday morning,on the afternoon of September lst等。

指長于或短于一天的時(shí)段用in,如in the afternoon,in February,in Summer,in 1999等。

(2)between,among(表位置)

between僅用于二者之間，但說三者或三者以上中的每兩個(gè)之間的相互關(guān)系時(shí)，也用between,如

I'm sitting between Tom and Alice.

The village lies between three hills.

among用于三者或三者以上之間。如：

He is the best among the students.

(3)beside,besides

beside意為"在…旁邊"，而besides意為"除…之外"。如：

He sat beside me.

What do you want besides this?

(4)in the tree,on the tree

in the tree指動(dòng)物或人在樹上，而on the tree指果實(shí)、樹葉長在樹上

(5)on the way,in the way,by the way,in this way

on the way指在路上in the way指擋道

by the way指順便問一句in this way用這樣的方法

(6)in the corner,at the corner

in the corner指在拐角內(nèi)at the corner指在拐角外

(7)in the morning,on the morning

in the morning是一般說法on the morning特指某一天的早晨

(8)by bus,on the bus

by bus是一般說法on the bus特指乘某一輛車