摘要:英語學(xué)習(xí)始于單詞,考研英語大綱當(dāng)中也要求考生至少要熟練掌握5500左右的單詞數(shù)量。以下是希賽網(wǎng)整理的考研英語詞匯(三十),希望能對(duì)各位考生有所幫助。
考生們多記單詞不僅能幫助自己理解文章,還能在寫作時(shí)豐富內(nèi)容。希賽網(wǎng)整理了考研英語常用詞匯(三十),供各位研考生查看參考。更多考研英語詞匯內(nèi)容,點(diǎn)擊考研英語常用詞匯匯總進(jìn)行查看。
高頻詞:
1. competition [?k?mp??t??n] n.
n. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng);角逐;比賽;競(jìng)賽;競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者;對(duì)手
常用搭配:competition (between/with sb)/ (for sth) 競(jìng)爭(zhēng);角逐
the competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者;對(duì)手
例句:There is now intense competition between schools to attract students.
現(xiàn)在學(xué)校之間為了招攬生源展開了激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。
We are in competition with four other companies for the contract.
我們?cè)谂c其他四家公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)這項(xiàng)合同。
We’ll be able to assess the competition at the conference.
我們可以在會(huì)上對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手進(jìn)行估量。
拓展:
同:game, match, tournament,
2. competitive [k?m?pet?t?v] adj.
adj. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;(與……)一樣好的;(比……)更好的;有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的;努力競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的;
一心求勝的
構(gòu)詞:compete 比賽;競(jìng)爭(zhēng) + itive 有……傾向(性質(zhì))的 → 比賽的;競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的
常用搭配:competitive games/sports 競(jìng)技性的比賽/體育運(yùn)動(dòng)
competitive with sb/sth(與……)一樣好的;(比……)更好的;有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的
例句:Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.
畢業(yè)生不得不在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的市場(chǎng)上奮力爭(zhēng)取找到工作。
We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.
我們必須更加努力工作以保持對(duì)其他公司具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。
You have to be highly competitive to do well in sport these days.
如今你必須有強(qiáng)烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)才能在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中取得好成績(jī)。
拓展:
同:played, rival
3. complaint [k?m?ple?nt] n.
n. 不滿的原因;抱怨;埋怨;投訴;控告;不滿;(尤指不嚴(yán)重、常影響身體某部位的)疾病
構(gòu)詞:com 加強(qiáng) + plaint 抱怨,complain的名詞 → 抱怨
常用搭配:complaint (about/against sb/sth) / complaint (that...)不滿的原因;抱怨;埋怨;投訴;控告
例句:The most common complaint is about poor service.
最常見的投訴與服務(wù)差有關(guān)。
I’d like to make a complaint about the noise.
我要就噪音問題提出投訴。
拓展:
同:sickness, complain of
派:complain 投訴;發(fā)牢騷;訴說;抱怨;控訴
4. complex [?k?mpleks] adj./n.
adj. 復(fù)雜的;難懂的;費(fèi)解的;復(fù)合的(指詞根加有詞綴或主句含有從句)
n. (類型相似的)建筑群;相關(guān)聯(lián)的一組事物;不正常的精神狀態(tài);情結(jié)
構(gòu)詞:com 加強(qiáng) + plex 重疊,折疊 → 全部重疊起來 → 復(fù)雜的
例句:He was an unusually complex man.
他是個(gè)異常復(fù)雜的人。
Japanese proprietors are erecting a complex infrastructure of political influence throughout America.
日本業(yè)主們正在全美國構(gòu)建復(fù)雜的政治影響力網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
拓展:
同:sophisticated, involved, synthetic, detailed, intricate
派:complexity 復(fù)雜,復(fù)雜性;復(fù)雜錯(cuò)綜的事物
5. complicated [?k?mpl?ke?t?d] adj.
adj. 難懂的,復(fù)雜的
構(gòu)詞:complicate的過去分詞和過去式
例句:The instructions look very complicated.
這說明書看起來很難懂。
It’s all very complicated -- but I’ll try and explain.
盡管這一切都很難理解,但我會(huì)盡力解釋。
拓展:
同:complex
派:complication 并發(fā)癥;復(fù)雜;復(fù)雜化;混亂
低頻詞:
1. bag [b?ɡ] n./v.
n. 包;袋;獵獲物
v. 獵獲;把……裝入袋中;放棄;得分;占據(jù),私吞;使膨大;毀掉
常用搭配:plastic bag 塑料袋
shopping bag 購物袋
in the bag 十拿九穩(wěn)的
bag and baggage (尤指秘密地或突然地)攜帶全部財(cái)產(chǎn)
bag sth. 把某物裝進(jìn)袋子
例句:He threw her out onto the street, bag and baggage.
他突然把她連人帶東西一股腦兒扔到大街上。
The fruit is washed, sorted and bagged at the farm.
水果在農(nóng)場(chǎng)洗凈、分揀并裝袋。
拓展:
同:pouch, purse, wallet
派:baggy 袋狀的,膨脹的
bagger 裝袋工
2. baggage [?b?ɡ?d?] n.
n. 行李;(因閱歷而形成的)信仰,看法
常用搭配:excess baggage 超重行李
baggage handlers (機(jī)場(chǎng))行李員
例句:We loaded our baggage into the car.
我們把行李裝上了汽車。
She was carrying a lot of emotional baggage.
她背負(fù)著很多感情包袱。
拓展:
同:luggage, belonging
3. bail [be?l] n./v.
n. 保釋,保釋人;保釋金
v. 保釋,幫助某人脫離困境;往外舀水
常用搭配:bail out 跳傘;保釋;舀出
on bail 保釋;保釋中
例句:Reid was forced to bail out of the crippled aircraft.
里德被迫從嚴(yán)重受損的飛機(jī)中跳傘逃生。
He was released on bail pending further inquiries.
他獲得保釋,等候進(jìn)一步調(diào)查。
拓展:
同:help sb. out
派:bailable 可交保的;可保釋的
bailment 寄托;保釋;寄托買賣
bailor 寄托人
4. bait [be?l] n./v.
n. 餌;誘餌;誘惑物;被故意激怒
v. 上餌;故意激怒;折磨或攻擊
常用搭配:live bait 活誘餌
rise to the bait 入圈套;上當(dāng)受騙
例句:They offered a good salary, but I didn’t rise to the bait.
他們提供給我的薪金很優(yōu)厚,但是我沒有中圈套。
The fish took the bait.
魚咬了釣餌
拓展:
同:decoy, lure
派:baiting 誘餌
5. bake [be?k] v.
v. 烤,烘焙;被烤干
n. 烤;烘烤食品
常用搭配:bake bread 烤面包
bake a cake 烘蛋糕
bake sth. for sb. / bake sb. sth. 為某人烘焙某物
例句:I’m baking a birthday cake for Alex.
我在給亞歷克斯烤生日蛋糕。
The sun had baked the ground hard.
太陽把地面曬硬了。
拓展:
同:roast, torrefy
派:baked 烤的;烘焙的
bakery 面包店
baker 面包師;面包工人
6. balcony [?b?lk?ni] n.
n. 陽臺(tái);包廂;戲院樓廳
常用搭配:balcony window 陽臺(tái)窗
balcony door 陽臺(tái)門
例句:She drew me onto the balcony.
她把我拉到陽臺(tái)上。
There were tubs of flowers on the balcony.
陽臺(tái)上有一盆盆的花。
拓展:
派:balconied 有陽臺(tái)的
7. bald [b??ld] adj.
adj. 禿頂?shù)?光禿的;無裝飾的;不加贅述的;簡(jiǎn)單的;赤裸裸的
常用搭配:bald head 禿頭
bald as a coot 光禿禿的
例句:He started going bald in his twenties.
他二十幾歲便開始謝頂。
The letter was a bald statement of our legal position.
那封信是對(duì)我們的法律立場(chǎng)的直截了當(dāng)?shù)穆暶鳌?
拓展:
同:flat, blank, naked
派:baldy 禿的;禿頂?shù)?
baldness 光禿;率直;枯燥
baldy 禿子
8. ball [b??ld] n./v.
n. 球;舞會(huì)
v. 成團(tuán)塊;捏成球形
常用搭配:bounce/catch/hit/kick/throw a ball 拍/接/擊/踢/扔球
roll into a ball 蜷成一團(tuán)
ball field 球類場(chǎng)地
ball game 球類運(yùn)動(dòng)
snow ball 雪球
a ball of fire 朝氣蓬勃的人
get/set/start/keep the ball rolling 開始某事;繼續(xù)某事
keep your eye on the ball 密切注意關(guān)鍵問題
例句:Bounce the ball and try and hit it over the net.
讓球反彈起來,然后試著把它打過網(wǎng)。
Some animals roll themselves into a ball for protection.
有些動(dòng)物蜷縮成一團(tuán)以保護(hù)自己。
9. ballet [?b?le?] n.
n. 芭蕾舞,芭蕾舞曲,芭蕾舞劇;芭蕾舞團(tuán);芭蕾式交流
構(gòu)詞:ball 拋;舞 + et 小 → 舞蹈 → 芭蕾舞
常用搭配:ballet dancer 芭蕾舞蹈家
ballet shoes 芭蕾舞鞋
members of the Royal Ballet 皇家芭蕾舞團(tuán)演員
例句:She wants to be a ballet dancer.
她想當(dāng)芭蕾舞演員。
‘Swan Lake’ is one of the great classical ballets.
《天鵝湖》是一部偉大的古典芭蕾舞劇。
拓展:
派:balletic 似芭蕾舞的
10. ballot [?b?l?t] n./v.
n. 投票;投票用紙;投票總數(shù)
v. 投票;抽簽決定;使投票表決;拉選票
構(gòu)詞:ball 球 + ot ……人 →(投票用的)小球 → 投票
常用搭配:secret ballot 無記名投票
ballot sb. on sth. 要求某人(對(duì)某事)無記名投票
ballot for 抽簽;為……投票
例句:The chairperson is chosen by secret ballot.
主席是通過無記名投票選舉產(chǎn)生的。
She won 58.8% of the ballot. 她贏得了投票總數(shù)的58.8%。
The union balloted its members on the proposed changes.
工會(huì)要求會(huì)員對(duì)所提議的變革進(jìn)行無記名投票。
拓展:
同:election, vote, poll, referendum, show of hands
11. banana [b??nɑ?n?] n.
n. 香蕉
常用搭配:banana skin 香蕉皮;尷尬事
go bananas 發(fā)怒;發(fā)瘋;犯傻
例句:The bad thing is the banana skin for him.
這件糟糕的事給他造成了麻煩。
Rafael told me to expect it so I would not go bananas about it.
拉斐爾讓我做好心理準(zhǔn)備,這樣才不會(huì)因此失控。
12. band [b??ld] n./v.
n. 帶;樂隊(duì);人群
v. 用帶綁扎;給……鑲邊
常用搭配:band together 聯(lián)合;聯(lián)手
rock band 搖滾樂團(tuán)
a band of 一幫,一伙,一群
例句:We band together to resist our enemy.
我們聯(lián)合起來抵抗我們的敵人。
He persuaded a small band of volunteers to help.
他勸服了一小批志愿者來幫忙。
He was a drummer in a rock band.
他曾是一個(gè)搖滾樂團(tuán)的鼓手。
拓展:
同:strip, crowd
派:banded 有帶子的
bandy 向外彎曲的
bandage 繃帶
13. bandage [?b?nd?d?] n./v.
n. 繃帶
v. 用繃帶包扎
構(gòu)詞:band 帶子 + age 集合名詞,總稱 → 繃帶
常用搭配:bandage up 用繃帶包扎
elastic bandage 彈性繃帶
例句:I bandaged the leg up and gave her aspirin for the pain.
我把她的腿用繃帶包扎起來,并給了她阿司匹林止痛
The bandage gradually unwound and fell off.
繃帶逐漸松開脫落了。
拓展:
同:fascia, ligature
派:banded 有帶子的
band 帶;樂隊(duì);一幫
14. bang [b??] n./v./adv.
v. 猛敲;砸;砰的關(guān)上;猛摔
n. 突然的巨響;猛撞,猛敲
adv. 正好;完全地
常用搭配:hear a bang 聽到巨響
loud bang 巨大的響聲
with a bang 伴隨巨響,成功地
bang on sth. 重?fù)裟澄?
bang into 撞上
bang down 猛地放下
例句:Don’t bang the door when you go out!
出去時(shí)別那么砰一聲地關(guān)門!
I didn’t mean to bang into you.
我不是故意撞你的。
拓展:
同:pound on
15. bank [b??k] n./v.
n. 銀行;岸;淺灘;儲(chǔ)庫
v. 將……存入銀行;傾斜轉(zhuǎn)彎;堆積;傾斜轉(zhuǎn)彎
常用搭配:commercial bank 商業(yè)銀行
river bank 河岸;河堤
bank on 指望;依靠
例句:My salary is paid directly into my bank.
我的工資直接撥到我的銀行。
He jumped in and swam to the opposite bank.
他跳下水,游到對(duì)岸。
She is believed to have banked £10 million in two years.
據(jù)信她兩年內(nèi)在銀行存了1 000萬英鎊。
Everyone is banking on an economic rebound to help ease the state’s fiscal problems.
每個(gè)人都指望經(jīng)濟(jì)反彈來幫助緩解的財(cái)政問題。
拓展:
同:barrage, dike
派:bankable 銀行能接受的
banking 銀行業(yè);銀行業(yè)務(wù)
banker 銀行家;銀行業(yè)者
16. bankrupt [?b??kr?pt] n./v./adj.
adj. 破產(chǎn)的;倒閉的
n. (經(jīng)法院判決的)破產(chǎn)者
v. 使破產(chǎn)
構(gòu)詞:bank 銀行 + rupt 破,斷裂 → 銀行倒閉 → 破產(chǎn)的
常用搭配:bankrupt of sth. 完全缺乏(有價(jià)值的東西)
go bankrupt 破產(chǎn)
例句:The way things are going the company will be bankrupt by the end of the year.
從事態(tài)發(fā)展的情況看,到年底公司就得破產(chǎn)。
If the firm cannot sell its products, it will go bankrupt.
如果這家公司無法銷售其產(chǎn)品,它將面臨破產(chǎn)。
拓展:
同:broke, belly-up, insolvent
派:bankruptcy 破產(chǎn)
17. banner [?b?n?(r)] n.
n. 旗幟,橫幅,標(biāo)語
構(gòu)詞:bank 銀行 + rupt 破,斷裂 → 銀行倒閉 → 破產(chǎn)的
常用搭配:under the banner of 在……的旗幟下
banner ads 橫幅廣告;旗幟廣告
例句:Protesters carried a banner reading ‘Save our Wildlife’.
抗議者打著“救救我們的野生生物”字樣的橫幅。
I felt the banner rip as we were pushed in opposite directions.當(dāng)我們被擠向相反的方向的時(shí)候,我感到橫幅撕裂了。
拓展:
同:flag, ensign, slogan
18. banquet [?b??kw?t] n.
n. 宴會(huì),盛宴;宴請(qǐng),款待
常用搭配:banquet hall 宴會(huì)廳;大餐廳
banquet room 宴會(huì)廳;宴會(huì)室
state banquet 國宴
例句:He was arranging floral centrepieces in the banquet hall.
他正在宴會(huì)大廳擺放餐桌中央的裝飾花束。
He met the foreign friends and gave a banquet in their honour.
他會(huì)見了外國朋友,并設(shè)宴招待了他們。
拓展:
同:entertainment, treat, feast, dine
19. bar [bɑ?(r)] n./v./prep.
n. 酒吧;柜臺(tái);小吃店,小館子
v. (用鐵條或木條)封,堵;阻擋;禁止,阻止(某人做某事)
prep. 除……外
常用搭配:at the bar 在酒吧;受到公開審問
bar code 條形碼;電腦條碼
bar of soap 一塊肥皂
bar exam 律師考試
behind a bar 在吧臺(tái)后
bar someone from 禁止某人……
例句:We met at a bar called the Flamingo.
我們?cè)谝患颐麨椤盎鹆银B”的酒吧相遇。
All the doors and windows were barred.
所有的門、窗都加上了鐵條。
The players are barred from drinking alcohol the night before a match.
運(yùn)動(dòng)員在參賽前夜不得喝酒。
The students all attended, bar two who were ill.
除了兩名生病,所有的學(xué)生都到了。
拓展:
同:rod, staff, obstacle; inhibit, forbid
派:barrable 可以攔阻的
20. barbecue [?bɑ?b?kju?] n./v.
n. 戶外燒烤;烤架
v. (在烤架上)烤,燒烤
常用搭配:a barbecue sausage 烤香腸
例句:I put another steak on the barbecue.
我在烤架上又放了一塊肉排。
We barbecued several pieces of chicken for dinner.
我們?cè)趹敉饪玖藥讐K雞肉當(dāng)作晚餐。
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