2018年MPAcc考研英語二完形填空真題答案及解析

SectionⅠ Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to _1_ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will_2_ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will_ 3 _.

In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested student’s willingness to _4 _themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one _5 _, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would _6 _an electric shock when clicked.

Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified, another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. _7_ left alone in the room， the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would _8_. Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, _9_ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.

The drive to_10_ is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for _11_ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can _12_ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such _13_ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_ things is a profound one.

Unhealthy curiosity is possible to _15_ , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to _16_ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to _17_ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the _18_ of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term _20_ is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.” Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.

1. [A] protect    [B] resolve    [C] discuss      [D] ignore

2. [A]refuse        [B]wait     [C] regret       [D] seek

3. [A] hurt         [B]last      [C] mislead      [D] rise

4. [A]alert      [B] tie        [C] treat      [D] expose

5. [A] message       [B] review       [C] trial     [D]concept

6. [A]remove        [B] weaken   [C] interrupt    [D] deliver

7. [A] When    [B]If     [C] Though    [D] Unless

8. [A] continue      [B] happen      [C] disappear    [D] change

9. [A] rather than    [B] regardless of       [C] such as      [D]owing to

10. [A] discover      [B]forgive      [C] forget      [D] disagree

11. [A]pay      [B] marriage      [C] schooling     [D] food

12. [A] lead to     [B]rest on     [C] learn from     [D] begin with

13. [A] withdrawal      [B] persistence       [C] inquiry     [D]diligence

14. [A] self-reliant     [B] self-deceptive       [C] self-evident    [D]self-destructive

15. [A] define     [B] resist        [C] replace    [D] trace

16. [A] overlook   [B] predict      [C] design     [D] conceal

17. [A] remember      [B] promise       [C] choose     [D]pretend

18. [A]relief     [B] plan   [C] duty       [D] outcome

19. [A] why       [B] whether    [C] where    [D] how

20. [A] consequences   [B]investments   [C] strategies      [D] limitations

答案解析：

1、[答案][B] resolve

[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。首段首句以問句形式提出文章中心：人們?yōu)g覽網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)面評(píng)論信息以及做一些明顯令人痛苦的事情的原因。第二句給出原因：因?yàn)槿藗儍?nèi)心里有一種____(生活中的)不確定因素或不安的需求，空格處所需的動(dòng)詞需要和后面的賓語uncertainty構(gòu)成語義搭配。B選項(xiàng)resolve (解決、消除)符合語義要求;A選項(xiàng)protect(保護(hù))，C選項(xiàng)discuss(討論)，D選項(xiàng)ignore(忽略)帶入空格后，語義不通順，均排除。故正確答案為B選項(xiàng)resolve。

2、[答案][D] seek

[解析]此處考察詞義辨析?？崭袼诰渲赋觯哼@項(xiàng)新研究表明，這種求知需求如此強(qiáng)烈以至于人們會(huì)_____(答案)來滿足他們的好奇心即使他們清楚答案會(huì)_____。空格處所填入的詞需要和后面隱含的賓語答案來構(gòu)成順暢的語義搭配，只有D選項(xiàng)seek(試圖、設(shè)法、尋找)符合要求;A選項(xiàng)refuse(拒絕)，B選wait(等待)，C選項(xiàng)regret(遺憾)帶入后，語義不通順。故正確答案為[D]seek。

3、[答案][A] hurt

[解析]此處考察詞義辨析?？崭袼诰渲赋觯哼@項(xiàng)新研究表明，這種求知需求如此強(qiáng)烈以至于人們尋找答案來滿足他們的好奇心即使答案明顯 本句中的even when(即使)構(gòu)成了前后的對(duì)立關(guān)系，因此空格處所填入的詞需和前面的感情色彩詞“strong”及語義構(gòu)成對(duì)立，只有A選項(xiàng)hurt(令人痛苦)符合要求;另外此處的it is clear that the answer will hurt 也和第一句中的that will obviously be painful 構(gòu)成了近義復(fù)現(xiàn)。故A選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4、[答案][D] expose

[解析]此處考察固定短語?？崭袼谔?，構(gòu)成了___oneself to sth結(jié)構(gòu)，只有D選項(xiàng)expose符合要求(使某人暴露在……中)，故D選項(xiàng)expose為正確答案。

5、[答案][C] trail

[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。本段段首提到“a series of four experiments”，空格所在句給出其中一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的信息，只有C選項(xiàng)trail與experiment語義相近，故正確答案為C選項(xiàng)trail。

6、[答案][D]deliver

[解析]此處考察上下文信息對(duì)應(yīng)以及動(dòng)賓搭配問題。上文指出：For one trial， each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment。 在一個(gè)試驗(yàn)中，研究人員給每位受試者一堆筆并聲稱其源于先前的實(shí)驗(yàn)。這是實(shí)驗(yàn)的背景。下文具體實(shí)驗(yàn)展開，Half of the pens would… an electric shock when clicked。 有一半的比在按下的時(shí)候會(huì)使使人觸電。所以比對(duì)選項(xiàng)，要選擇deliver ，發(fā)出，遞送。因此選擇 D。 deliver

7、[答案][A]when

[解析]此處考察上下文句間的邏輯關(guān)系?？涨翱蘸笫菭钫Z的關(guān)系。上文講的是Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another 27 were told only…研究人員告知了27名受試學(xué)生哪些筆是內(nèi)有玄機(jī)，而另外27名學(xué)生只知道有些筆是帶電的。下文就是具體的發(fā)生的實(shí)驗(yàn)狀態(tài)了。當(dāng)他們獨(dú)自在房里時(shí)， … 而不是條件if， unless或者 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。因此選擇A。

8、[答案][B]happen

[解析]此處考察上下語境下的句內(nèi)動(dòng)詞關(guān)系。根據(jù)上文的實(shí)驗(yàn)背景，試驗(yàn)中27個(gè)人知道哪些筆是內(nèi)有玄機(jī)，而另外27名學(xué)生只知道有些筆是帶電的。下面的告知了實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)論 ：當(dāng)他們獨(dú)自在房里時(shí)，那些不知哪些筆帶電的學(xué)生按下了更多的筆頭，比這些受試者多，后面是定語，顯然這些受試者是只上文被告知的人，所以這些人知道the students who knew what would happen，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果性。所以選擇B。 happen

9、[答案][D]such as

[解析]此處考察句間的邏輯關(guān)系。上文在之后其他刺激因素的實(shí)驗(yàn)中， 后文講到具體的實(shí)驗(yàn)：指甲刮黑板的聲音和令人生厭的昆蟲圖片 顯然這里需要例證關(guān)系，故選擇D.such as

10、[答案][A]discover

　[解析]此處考察上下文的信息對(duì)應(yīng)和句內(nèi)信息對(duì)應(yīng)。這是個(gè)中心復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，文章開篇提出：The human drive to resolve uncertainty is so strong …人們對(duì)于尋找答案以消除不確定因素總是樂此不疲。再根據(jù)上文的實(shí)驗(yàn)，都表示這是一種discover的需求，越是不確定的，越好奇。故選擇A。 discover

11、[答案][D] food

[解析]此處考察同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。這個(gè)空出現(xiàn)在卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)(Carnegie Mellon University)的觀點(diǎn)中，前后觀點(diǎn)沒有任何轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，所以前后句應(yīng)該一脈相承。前文中the drive is deeply rooted in human，指的是人類根深蒂固的本性，而且后文也說到curiosity is a good instinct(本能)，探索的動(dòng)力在人類中根深蒂固，與食物或避難所的基本動(dòng)力相當(dāng)。因此此處應(yīng)該選food。A選項(xiàng) pay 支付;B選項(xiàng) marriage 婚姻;C選項(xiàng)schooling 學(xué)習(xí)教育，皆不符合文意。

12、[答案][A] lead to

[解析]此處考察成分搭配。原文表達(dá)：好奇心通常被認(rèn)為是一種很好的本能——它會(huì)________新的科學(xué)進(jìn)步，此處選擇A選項(xiàng)lead to 符合文意。B選項(xiàng) rest on 取決于;C選項(xiàng)learn from向…學(xué)習(xí);D選項(xiàng) begin with 以…開始，皆不符合文意。

13、[答案][C] inquiry

[解析]此處考察反義復(fù)現(xiàn)。原文表達(dá)：but sometimes such _________can backfire。 but一詞的出現(xiàn)就說明前后兩句話是轉(zhuǎn)折句義，前文說好奇心會(huì)帶來新的科學(xué)進(jìn)步;后文的一個(gè)指示代詞such一出現(xiàn)，就證明和前句的主語是一致的，在此只能選擇curiosity 的近義詞，為C inquiry。A 選項(xiàng) withdrawal 撤回;B選項(xiàng) persistence 堅(jiān)持; D選項(xiàng) diligence 勤奮，皆不符合文意。

14、[答案][B] self-destructive

[解析]此處考察成分搭配。The insight that curiosity can drive you to do______ things is a profound one。因?yàn)榍拔挠兴崾?，but sometimes such _________can backfire，有時(shí)候好奇心會(huì)適得其反，這句話也是對(duì)于上文的承接，因此這里需要填入的是好奇心帶來的副作用的表達(dá)，因此選[B] self-destructive 自我毀滅的。A 選項(xiàng) self-reliant自力更生的;C選項(xiàng) self-evident 顯而易見的;D選項(xiàng)self-deceptive自欺欺人的，皆不符合文意。

15、[答案][B] resist

[解析]此處考察同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。Unhealthy curiosity is possible to __________， however。 這句話之后出現(xiàn)了論據(jù)，用以支撐前文的論點(diǎn)：In a final experiment， participants who were encouraged to predict how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to choose to see such an image，在最后的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，那些積極預(yù)測(cè)自己目睹不太悅目圖片感受的受試者，他們選擇此類圖片的可能性較小。此處picture were less likely to choose to see such an image=resist，是對(duì)于本段論點(diǎn)句的同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，因?yàn)檫x擇B 選項(xiàng)resist。A 選項(xiàng)define定義;C選項(xiàng)replace 替代;D選項(xiàng)trace追蹤，皆不符合文意。

16、[答案][B]predict

[解析]此處考察句間邏輯關(guān)系，屬于句子內(nèi)部的顯性線索。本段首句是本段的中心：然而，抵制病態(tài)的好奇心理是并非不可能。所以可以預(yù)測(cè)出這一段會(huì)圍繞抵制病態(tài)的好奇心會(huì)有什么好的影響。In a final experiment， participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.16題所在句子是participants的后置定語，用來修飾受測(cè)者，他們積極地去如何，與后面定語從句中目睹不太愉悅的照片后他們將(would)會(huì)有什么樣的感覺，可以得出是提前想象出來的，故選擇B predict，預(yù)測(cè)。

17、[答案][C]choose

[解析]此處考察句間邏輯關(guān)系，屬于句子內(nèi)部的顯性線索。此題所在句子結(jié)構(gòu)化簡后是participants were less likely to 17 to see such an image。這里面的such image指的是上面提到的an unpleasant picture，所以既然已經(jīng)知道圖片會(huì)帶來不愉悅的感覺，就不可能去選擇了，故選擇C ，choose選擇。

18、[答案][D]outcome

[解析] 此處考察句間邏輯關(guān)系，屬于句子內(nèi)部的顯性線索。These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one‘s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor。 18題所在位置是the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time此短語是imagining同位語，用來解釋imagining：為利用好奇心可提前想象的結(jié)果。所以此題選擇是的imagining的同義詞。

19、[答案][B]whether

[解析]此處考察句間的邏輯關(guān)系。imagining can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor。這種結(jié)果可以幫助人們決定它們。。。值得一試。根據(jù)句間邏輯關(guān)系，這些研究結(jié)果表明，利用好奇心可提前想象事件的結(jié)果，從而幫助人們決定它們是否值得一試。故B whether為正確選項(xiàng)。

20、[答案][A]consequences

[解析]此處考察詞義辨析。“Thinking about long-term 20 is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity，” 思考長期。。。。才是減輕好奇心負(fù)面消極影響的關(guān)鍵所在。負(fù)面消極影響是好奇心帶來的，所以要考慮這種長期的影響，B選項(xiàng)investment投資 C選項(xiàng)strategies 策略D選項(xiàng)limitations限制，都不符合語境，故A選項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。