考研201英語(yǔ)（一）在線題庫(kù)每日一練（三百九十六）

本文提供考研201英語(yǔ)（一）在線題庫(kù)每日一練，以下為具體內(nèi)容

1、How can the train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares? It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This year's rise, an average of 2.7 per cent, may be a fraction lower than last year's, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation.Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincoln shire have to subsidize the daily commute of a stockbroker from Surrey? Equally, there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the South East, many of whom will face among the biggest rises, have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North.However, over the past 12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years. It is all very well train operators trumpeting the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions. However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate. This should form part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britain's railways. Yes, more investment is needed, but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable services, punctuated by regular chaos when timetables are changed, or planned maintenance is managed incompetently. The threat of nationalization may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.

1.The author holds that this year's increase in rail passengers fares （  ）.2.The stockbroker in Paragraph 2 is used to stand for（  ） .3. It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that train operators （  ）.4. If unable to calm down passengers, the railways may have to face（  ）.5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

問(wèn)題1

A、will ease train operation's burden

B、has kept pace with inflation

C、is a big surprise to commuters

D、remains an unreasonable measure

問(wèn)題2

A、car drivers

B、rail travelers

C、local investors

D、ordinary taxpayers

問(wèn)題3

A、are offering compensations to commuters

B、are trying to repair relations with the unions

C、have failed to provide an adequate service

D、have suffered huge losses owing to the strikes

問(wèn)題4

A、the loss of investment

B、the collapse of operations

C、a reduction of revenue

D、a change of ownership

問(wèn)題5

A、Who Are to Blame for the Strikes?

B、Constant Complaining Doesn't Work

C、Can Nationalization Bring Hope?

D、Ever-rising Fares Aren't Sustainable

2、For a century, urban commotion has been treated as a moral failing of individuals. Fixing it will require systemic changes to environmental noise.What are your ears hearing right now? Maybe the bustling sounds of a busy office, or your partner cooking dinner in the next room. Whatever the texture of the sonic landscape of your life may be, beneath it all is the same omnipresent din: the sound of cars.That might seem benign, or perhaps even endearing—the sound of the bustle of the big city. But the din of vehicles, along with transit and industrial activity, is making people sick. People forget that noise pollution is still pollution. And noise pollution is everywhere.Unlike many other injuries, hearing damage is irreparable. It also functions differently. People tend to assume that hearing loss is akin to turning down the volume in one’s head—that everything just sounds quieter. But it’s more complex than that. Sound at certain frequencies just vanishes—birdsong, intelligible human speech, the gentle rustling of leaves, the crispy highs of brushes on jazz cymbals. People can avoid using earbuds excessively or attending loud concerts. But people do not necessarily have the ability to avoid high levels of environmental noise—it’s in their neighborhoods, near their schools, at their workplaces. That makes noise pollution a matter of bodily autonomy.Solving the environmental-noise problem has been difficult, partly because for more than a century anti-noise advocates have fought for the right to silence rather than the right to hear.Concerns about hearing loss largely focus on excessive noise exposure. But environmental noise is just as unsafe. People living in cities are regularly exposed (against their will) to noise above 85 decibels from sources like traffic, subways, industrial activity, and airports. That’s enough to cause significant hearing loss over time. If you have an hour- long commute at such sound levels, your hearing has probably already been affected. Urban life also sustains average background noise levels of 60 decibels, which is loud enough to raise ones blood pressure and heart rate, and cause stress, loss of concentration, and loss of sleep. Sirens are a particularly extreme example of the kind of noise inflicted on people every day: They ring at a sound-pressure level of 120 decibels—a level that corresponds with the human pain threshold, according to the World Health Organization.But since the turn of the 20th century, protecting human hearing has taken a back seat to securing quiet for those with means, and punishing those without. Noise-abatement laws transformed an objective concern about environmental and health conditions into a subjective fight over aesthetic moralism.

1.According to the first paragraph, urban commotion is not related to____.2.The word “din” (Line 3, Paragraph 2 and Line 2, Paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to____.3.Which of the following is true of the hearing damage?4.We may infer from the sixth paragraph that____.5.What does the first sentence in the last paragraph mean?

問(wèn)題1

A、personal moral breakdown

B、individual emotional state

C、city’s or town’s noise pollution

D、one’s clamorous surroundings

問(wèn)題2

A、a main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday

B、a room that is comfortable and secluded

C、a very loud and unpleasant noise that lasts for some time

D、a small buoy used as a marker at sea

問(wèn)題3

A、It can be repaired or made better.

B、It performs the same function.

C、It makes everything sound quieter.

D、It is caused by over-exposure to noise.

問(wèn)題4

A、noise exerts its hazardous influence on people in cities and towns

B、noise above 85 decibels causes significant hearing loss over time

C、noise levels of 60 decibels raise one’s blood pressure and heart rate

D、sirens at the level of 120 decibels meet with the human pain threshold

問(wèn)題5

A、Protecting human hearing used to be of priority in the past.

B、Obtaining quiet environment was once the first consideration.

C、Both safeguarding hearing and securing quiet are significant.

D、Neither protecting hearing nor acquiring quiet is of importance.

3、Text 4 ①From the early days of broadband, advocates for consumers and web-based companies worried that the cable and phone companies selling broadband connections had the power and incentive to favor affiliated websites over their rivals.②That’s why there has been such a strong demand for rules that would prevent broadband providers from picking winners and losers online, preserving the freedom and innovation that have been the lifeblood of the internet. ①Yet that demand has been almost impossible to fill — in part because of pushback from broadband providers, anti-regulatory conservatives and the courts. ②A federal appeals court  weighed in again Tuesday, but instead of providing a badly needed resolution, it only prolonged the fight. ③At issue before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit was the latest take of the Federal Communications Commission（FCC） on net neutrality, adopted on a party-line vote in 2017. ④The Republican-penned order not only eliminated the strict net neutrality rules the FCC had adopted when it had a Democratic majority in 2015, but rejected the commission’s authority to require broadband providers to do much of anything. ⑤The order also declared that  state and local governments couldn’t regulate broadband providers either. ①The commission argued that other agencies would protect against anti-competitive behavior, such as a broadband-providing conglomerate like AT&T favoring its own video-streaming service at the expense of Netflix and Apple TV. ②Yet the FCC also ended the investigations of broadband providers that imposed data caps on their rivals’ streaming services but not their own. ①On Tuesday, the appeals court unanimously upheld the 2017 order deregulating broadband providers, citing a Supreme Court ruling from 2005 that upheld a similarly deregulatory move.  ②But Judge Patricia Millett rightly argued in a concurring opinion that "the result is unhinged from the realities of modern broadband service," and said Congress or the Supreme Court could intervene to "avoid trapping Internet regulation in technological anachronism." ①I(mǎi)n the meantime, the court threw out the FCC’s attempt to block all state rules on net neutrality, while preserving the commission’s power to preempt individual state laws that undermine its order. ②That means more battles like the one now going on between the Justice Department and California, which enacted a tough net neutrality law in the wake of the FCC’s abdication. ①The endless legal battles and back-and-forth at the FCC cry out for Congress to act. ②It needs to give the commission explicit authority once and for all to bar broadband providers from meddling in the traffic on their network and to create clear rules protecting openness and innovation online. 

1、There has long been concern that broadband provides would ______ . 2、Faced with the demand for net neutrality rules, the FCC ______ . 3、What can be learned about AT&T from Paragraph 3? 4、Judge Patricia Millett argues that the appeals court's decision______. 5、What does the author argue in the last paragraph?

問(wèn)題1

A、bring web-based firms under control

B、slow down the traffic on their network

C、show partiality in treating clients

D、intensify competition with their rivals

問(wèn)題2

A、sticks to an out-of-date order

B、takes an anti-regulatory stance

C、has issued a special resolution

D、has allowed the states to intervene

問(wèn)題3

A、It protects against unfair competition

B、It engages in anti-competitive practices.

C、It is under the FCC'S investigation.

D、It is in pursuit of quality service.

問(wèn)題4

A、focus on trivialities

B、conveys an ambiguous message

C、is at odds with its earlier rulings

D、is out of touch with reality

問(wèn)題5

A、Congress needs to take action to ensure net neutrality.

B、The FCC should be put under strict supervision.

C、Rules need to be set to diversify online services.

D、Broadband providers' rights should be protected.

4、A deal is a deal-except, apparently ,when Entergy is involved. The company, a major energy supplier in New England, provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the strict nuclear regulations.    Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running. It’s a stunning move.    The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont’s only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon. As a condition of receiving state approval for the sale, the company agreed to seek permission from state regulators to operate past 20In 2006, the state went a step further, requiring that any extension of the plant’s license be subject to Vermont legislature’s approval. Then, too, the company went along.    Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments, or it simply didn’t foresee what would happen next. A string of accidents, including the partial collapse of a cooling tower in 207 and the discovery of an underground pipe system leakage, raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee’s safety and Entergy’s management– especially after the company made misleading statements about the pipe. Enraged by Entergy’s behavior, the Vermont Senate voted 26 to 4 last year against allowing an extension.    Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006 legislation, and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues. The legal issues in the case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend. Certainly, there are valid concerns about the patchwork regulations that could result if every state sets its own rules. But had Entergy kept its word, that debate would be beside the point.    The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has noting left to lose by going to war with the state. But there should be consequences. Permission to run a nuclear plant is a public trust. Entergy runs 11 other reactors in the United States, including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth. Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years. But as the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) reviews the company’s application, it should keep it mind what promises from Entergy are worth.

1、The phrase “reneging on”(Line 3.para.1) is closest in meaning to ____2、By entering into the 2002 agreement, Entergy intended to ____3、According to Paragraph 4, Entergy seems to have problems with its ____4、In the author’s view, the Vermont case will test ____5、It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ____

問(wèn)題1

A、condemning.

B、reaffirming.

C、dishonoring.

D、securing.

問(wèn)題2

A、obtain protection from Vermont regulators.

B、seek favor from the federal legislature.

C、acquire an extension of its business license .

D、get permission to purchase a power plant.

問(wèn)題3

A、managerial practices.

B、technical innovativeness.

C、financial goals.

D、business vision

問(wèn)題4

A、Entergy’s capacity to fulfill all its promises.

B、the mature of states’ patchwork regulations.

C、the federal authority over nuclear issues .

D、the limits of states’ power over nuclear issues.

問(wèn)題5

A、Entergy’s business elsewhere might be affected.

B、the authority of the NRC will be defied.

C、Entergy will withdraw its Plymouth application.

D、Vermont’s reputation might be damaged.

5、Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as a bodily exercise precious to health. But      1      some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does      2      short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels,      3      heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to      4      , a good laugh is unlikely to have      5      benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.         6      , instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the      7      . Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter      8      muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.    Such bodily reaction might conceivably help      9      the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of      10      feedback that improve an individual’s emotional state.      11      one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted      12      physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry      13      they are sad but that they become sad when the tears begin to flow.    Although sadness also      14      tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow      15      muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to      16      a pen either with their teeth--thereby creating an artificial smile--or with their lips, which would produce a(n)      17      expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles      18      more enthusiastically to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown,      19      that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around.      20      , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.

問(wèn)題1

A、among

B、except

C、despite

D、like

問(wèn)題2

A、reflect

B、demand

C、indicate

D、produce

問(wèn)題3

A、stabilizing

B、boosting

C、impairing

D、determining

問(wèn)題4

A、transmit

B、sustain

C、evaluate

D、observe

問(wèn)題5

A、measurable

B、manageable

C、affordable

D、renewable

問(wèn)題6

A、opposite

B、impossible

C、average

D、expected

問(wèn)題7

A、hardens

B、weakens

C、tightens

D、relaxes

問(wèn)題8

A、aggravate

B、generate

C、moderate

D、enhance

問(wèn)題9

A、physical

B、mental

C、subconscious

D、internal

問(wèn)題10

A、Except for

B、According to

C、Due to

D、As for

問(wèn)題11

A、with

B、on

C、in

D、at

問(wèn)題12

A、unless

B、until

C、if

D、because

問(wèn)題13

A、exhausts

B、follows

C、precedes

D、suppresses

問(wèn)題14

A、into

B、from

C、towards

D、beyond

問(wèn)題15

A、In turn

B、In fact

C、In addition

D、In brief

問(wèn)題16

A、fetch

B、bite

C、pick

D、hold

問(wèn)題17

A、disappointed

B、excited

C、joyful

D、indifferent

問(wèn)題18

A、adapted

B、catered

C、turned

D、reacted

問(wèn)題19

A、suggesting

B、requiring

C、mentioning

D、supposing

問(wèn)題20

A、Eventually

B、Consequently

C、Similarly

D、Conversely