考研201英語（一）在線題庫每日一練（三百九十）

本文提供考研201英語（一）在線題庫每日一練，以下為具體內(nèi)容

1、How can the train operators possibly justify yet another increase to rail passenger fares? It has become a grimly reliable annual ritual: every January the cost of travelling by train rises, imposing a significant extra burden on those who have no option but to use the rail network to get to work or otherwise. This year's rise, an average of 2.7 per cent, may be a fraction lower than last year's, but it is still well above the official Consumer Price Index (CPI) measure of inflation.Successive governments have permitted such increases on the grounds that the cost of investing in and running the rail network should be borne by those who use it, rather than the general taxpayer. Why, the argument goes, should a car-driving pensioner from Lincoln shire have to subsidize the daily commute of a stockbroker from Surrey? Equally, there is a sense that the travails of commuters in the South East, many of whom will face among the biggest rises, have received too much attention compared to those who must endure the relatively poor infrastructure of the Midlands and the North.However, over the past 12 months, those commuters have also experienced some of the worst rail strikes in years. It is all very well train operators trumpeting the improvements they are making to the network, but passengers should be able to expect a basic level of service for the substantial sums they are now paying to travel. The responsibility for the latest wave of strikes rests on the unions. However, there is a strong case that those who have been worst affected by industrial action should receive compensation for the disruption they have suffered.The Government has pledged to change the law to introduce a minimum service requirement so that, even when strikes occur, services can continue to operate. This should form part of a wider package of measures to address the long-running problems on Britain's railways. Yes, more investment is needed, but passengers will not be willing to pay more indefinitely if they must also endure cramped, unreliable services, punctuated by regular chaos when timetables are changed, or planned maintenance is managed incompetently. The threat of nationalization may have been seen off for now, but it will return with a vengeance if the justified anger of passengers is not addressed in short order.

1.The author holds that this year's increase in rail passengers fares （  ）.2.The stockbroker in Paragraph 2 is used to stand for（  ） .3. It is indicated in Paragraph 3 that train operators （  ）.4. If unable to calm down passengers, the railways may have to face（  ）.5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

問題1

A、will ease train operation's burden

B、has kept pace with inflation

C、is a big surprise to commuters

D、remains an unreasonable measure

問題2

A、car drivers

B、rail travelers

C、local investors

D、ordinary taxpayers

問題3

A、are offering compensations to commuters

B、are trying to repair relations with the unions

C、have failed to provide an adequate service

D、have suffered huge losses owing to the strikes

問題4

A、the loss of investment

B、the collapse of operations

C、a reduction of revenue

D、a change of ownership

問題5

A、Who Are to Blame for the Strikes?

B、Constant Complaining Doesn't Work

C、Can Nationalization Bring Hope?

D、Ever-rising Fares Aren't Sustainable

2、From the early days of broadband, advocates for consumers and web-based companies worried that the cable and phone companies selling broadband connections had the power and incentive to favor affiliated websites over their rivals'. That's why there has been such a strong demand for rules that would prevent broadband providers from picking winners and losers online, preserving the freedom and innovation that have been the lifeblood of the Internet.Yet that demand has been almost impossible to fill — in part because of pushback from broadband providers, anti-regulatory conservatives and the courts. A federal appeals court weighed in again Tuesday, but instead of providing a badly needed resolution, it only prolonged the fight.At issue before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit was the latest take of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on net neutrality, adopted on a party-line vote in 2017. The Republican-penned order not only eliminated the strict net neutrality rules the FCC had adopted when it had a Democratic majority in 2015, but rejected the commission's authority to require broadband providers to do much of anything. The order also declared that state and local governments couldn't regulate broadband providers either.The commission argued that other agencies would protect against anti-competitive behavior, such as a broadband-providing conglomerate like AT&T favoring its own video-streaming service at the expense of Netflix and Apple TV. Yet the FCC also ended the investigations of broadband providers that imposed data caps on their rivals' streaming services but not their own.On Tuesday, the appeals court unanimously upheld the 2017 order deregulating broadband providers, citing a Supreme Court ruling from 2005 that upheld a similarly deregulatory move. But Judge Patricia Millett rightly argued in a concurring opinion that “the result is unhinged from the realities of modern broadband service,” and said Congress or the Supreme Court could intervene to “avoid trapping Internet regulation in technological anachronism.”In the meantime, the court threw out the FCC's attempt to block all state rules on net neutrality, while preserving the commission's power to preempt individual state laws that undermine its order. That means more battles like the one now going on between the Justice Department and California, which enacted a tough net neutrality law in the wake of the FCC's abdication.The endless legal battles and back-and-forth at the FCC cry out for Congress to act. It needs to give the commission explicit authority once and for all to bar broadband providers from meddling in the traffic on their network and to create clear rules protecting openness and innovation online.

1.There has long been concern that broadband provides would（  ）.2.Faced with the demand for net neutrality rules, the FCC（  ）.  3.What can be learned about AT&T from Paragraph 3?4.Judge Patricia Millett argues that the appeals court's decision （  ）.  5.What does the author argue in the last paragraph?

問題1

A、bring web-based firms under control

B、slow down the traffic on their network

C、show partiality in treating clients

D、intensify competition with their rivals

問題2

A、sticks to an out-of-date order

B、takes an anti-regulatory stance

C、has issued a special resolution

D、has allowed the states to intervene

問題3

A、It protects against unfair competition.

B、It engages in anti-competitive practices.

C、It is under the FCC's investigation.

D、It is in pursuit of quality service.

問題4

A、focuses on trivialities

B、conveys an ambiguous message

C、is at odds with its earlier rulings

D、is out of touch with reality

問題5

A、Congress needs to take action to ensure net neutrality.

B、The FCC should be put under strict supervision.

C、Rules need to be set to diversify online services.

D、Broadband providers' rights should be protected.

3、Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. _1_ of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones _2_ on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. _3_ you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you _4_ can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate _5_ to civilization, one of which is to follow the land. When you find yourself well _6_ a trail, but not in a completely _7_ area, you have to answer two questions: Which _8_ is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. _9_, if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should _10_ see signs of people. If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be _11_ how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another _12_: Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. _13_, even in dense forest, you should be able to _14_ gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve _15_ the woods. Head toward these _16_ to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for _17_ light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution. _18_, assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the _19_ we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can _20_ you to civilization.

問題1

A、 Few

B、 More

C、 Some

D、 All

問題2

A、 put

B、 take

C、 run

D、 come

問題3

A、 Since

B、 Until

C、 Though

D、 If

問題4

A、 formally

B、 literally

C、 gradually

D、 relatively

問題5

A、 around

B、 away

C、 back

D、 next

問題6

A、 onto

B、 along

C、 across

D、 off

問題7

A、 unattractive

B、 unfamiliar

C、 unchanged

D、 uncrowded

問題8

A、 way

B、 point

C、 site

D、 place

問題9

A、 Instead

B、 Yet

C、 So

D、 Besides

問題10

A、 immediately

B、 eventually

C、 unexpectedly

D、 intentionally

問題11

A、 frightened

B、 annoyed

C、 surprised

D、 confused

問題12

A、 problem

B、 result

C、 view

D、 option

問題13

A、 Above all

B、 For example

C、 On average

D、 In contrast

問題14

A、 spot

B、 avoid

C、 bridge

D、 separate

問題15

A、 from

B、 under

C、 beyond

D、 through

問題16

A、 posts

B、 breaks

C、 shades

D、 links

問題17

A、 hidden

B、 mysterious

C、 artificial

D、 limited

問題18

A、 Finally

B、 Consequently

C、 Incidentally

D、 Generally

問題19

A、 memories

B、 belongings

C、 notes

D、 marks

問題20

A、 lead

B、 adapt

C、 restrict

D、 expose

4、Financial  regulators in Britain have imposed a rather unusual rule on the bosses of big banks. Starting next year, any guaranteed bonus of top executives could be delayed 10 years if their banks are under investigation for wrongdoing. The main purpose of this “clawback” rule is to hold bankers accountable for harmful risk-taking and to restore public trust in financial institution. Yet officials also hope for a much larger benefit: more long term decision-making not only by banks but also by all corporations, to build a stronger economy for future generations.“ Short-termism”or the desire for quick profits, has worsened in publicly traded companies, says the Bank of England's top economist, Andrew Haldane. He quotes a giant of classical economies, Alfred Marshall, in describing this financial impatience as acting like “Children who pick the plums out of their pudding to eat them at once” rather than putting them aside to be eaten last.The average time for holding a stock in both the United States and Britain, he notes, has dropped from seven years to seven months in recent decades. Transient investors, who demand high quarterly profits from companies, can hinder a firm's efforts to invest in long-term research or to build up customer loyalty. This has been dubbed "quarterly capitalism" In addition, new digital technologies have allowed more rapid trading of equities, quicker use of information, and thus shortens attention spans in financial markers. "There seems to be a predominance of short-term thinking at the expense of long-term investing," said Commissioner Daniel Gallagher of the US Securities and Exchange Commission in speech this week.In the US, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has pushed most public companies to defer performance bonuses for senior executives by about a year, slightly helping reduce “short-termism”. In its latest survey of CEO pay, The Wall Street Journal finds that "a substantial part” of executive pay is now tied to performance.Much more could be done to encourage “l(fā)ong-termism,” such as changes in the tax code and quicker disclosure of stock acquisitions. In France, shareholders who hold onto a company investment for at least two years can sometimes earn more voting rights in a company.Within companies, the right compensation design can provide incentives for executives to think beyond their own time at the company and on behalf of all stakeholders. Britain rule is a reminder to bankers that society has an interest in their performance, not just for the short term but for the long term.

1.According to Paragraph 1, one motive in imposing the new rule is the（  ） .2.Alfred Marshall is quoted to indicate（  ）.3.It is argued that the influence of transient investment on public companies can be（  ）.4.The US and France examples are used to illustrate（  ）.5.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

問題1

A、enhance banker's sense of responsibility

B、help corporations achieve larger profits

C、build a new system of financial regulation

D、guarantee the bonuses of top executives

問題2

A、the conditions for generating quick profits

B、governments' impatience in decision-making

C、the solid structure of publicly traded companies

D、"short-termism" in economics activities

問題3

A、indirect

B、adverse

C、minimal

D、temporary

問題4

A、the obstacles to preventing short-termism

B、the significance of long-term thinking

C、the approaches to promoting long-termism

D、the prevalence of short-term thinking

問題5

A、Failure of Quarterly Capitalism

B、Patience as a Corporate Virtue

C、Decisiveness Required of Top Executives

D、Frustration of Risk-taking Bankers

5、Kids are missing out on having important conversations with parents about how to love and be loved. Parents are worried for years 1 having “the talk” with their kids. That talk, of course, is about sex. But one thing that is getting very lost in those 2 is how to have a healthy romantic 3. It’s not enough to have the sex talk, we have to have the 4 talk, too. Without it, we 5 our kids being in abusive, manipulative relationships, or 6 out on a truly wonderful aspect of life.According to a report 7 today by Harvard Graduate School of Education’s Making Caring Common Project, 8 worry a great deal about the hookup culture, but ignore the fact that young people are unprepared to learn how to love and develop 9 healthy romantic relationships.“This whole area has been terribly 10” says Richard Weissbourd, a Harvard psychologist who 11 the Making Caring Common Project. Without conversations about 12 relationships, parents are also neglecting to teach their children about misogyny (厭惡女性) 13 sexual harassment. “Adults seem not to be facing it 14. It’s concerning,” Weissbourd adds.15 parents think kids don’t want to hear it from them, they should 16 : 70 percent of the 18-to 25-year-olds 17 responded to the report’s survey said they wanted more information from parents about some emotional 18 of a romantic relationship. And 65 percent said they wanted 19 about it in a sexed or health class at school. But both parents and educators seem to 20 avoidance of having sex, how not to get pregnant or how to avoid a sexually transmitted disease. In doing so, parents are missing out on having important conversations about how to love and be loved.

問題1

A、about

B、above

C、around

D、across

問題2

A、conservations

B、conversations

C、conversions

D、consumptions

問題3

A、relative

B、relation

C、relationship

D、relatedness

問題4

A、emotion

B、passion

C、mood

D、love

問題5

A、risk

B、plunge

C、threaten

D、immerse

問題6

A、losing

B、missing

C、escaping

D、evading

問題7

A、relieved

B、delivered

C、released

D、derived

問題8

A、graduates

B、teenagers

C、psychologists

D、parents

問題9

A、caring

B、careful

C、careless

D、carefree

問題10

A、negotiated

B、neglected

C、collected

D、nagged

問題11

A、comes

B、goes

C、runs

D、races

問題12

A、healthful

B、hygienic

C、wholesome

D、healthy

問題13

A、and

B、but

C、or

D、also

問題14

A、secretly

B、squarely

C、multiply

D、frankly

問題15

A、Only if

B、As if

C、If

D、If only

問題16

A、revise

B、review

C、rehearse

D、reconsider

問題17

A、what

B、which

C、whom

D、who

問題18

A、perspective

B、prospect

C、aspect

D、suspect

問題19

A、guardian

B、guidance

C、manual

D、guide

問題20

A、focus on

B、locate in

C、settle on

D、force on