2021年考博英語英漢互譯復(fù)習(xí)：學(xué)會閱讀

It is often a puzzle for most children to learn to read. It is estimated that about 20 % of the Americans who experience barriers to turn the letters on a page into sounds. The recent research in

rain image-formation helps to determine the positions where such generation and transformation are done. This is actually a very significant result. It has disclosed the neural basis why some quite clever people may experience difficulty in reading. But it is the second finding of this research that accounts for the common concern. That is the difference between the man and woman with their reading barrier.

The chief scientist of this research is the pediatrician Sari Schultz and her husband, the neurologist Bennett. Their research interest does not lie in the sex difference in reading. Rather, it aims at showing what parts of human brain are most active in language transfer through measuring the minor change of the blood flow in the brain by means of the most advanced image-formation technology-nuclear magnetic resonance to reflect the image-formation process in human brain. But Sari Schultz said that it would be more accurate to adopt nuclear magnetic resonance. This is how they have finally defined the position of sound processing in human brain, or the sex difference in sound transformation in reading.

對于多數(shù)兒童來說，學(xué)會閱讀是學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐中的一個難題。估計(jì)有 20%的美國人在把書頁上的字母轉(zhuǎn)換成聲音時(shí)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)障礙。最近大腦成像方面的研究確定這種貌似神奇般的轉(zhuǎn)換發(fā)生的部位。這是個非常重要的結(jié)果：第一步就是解開了為什么一些相當(dāng)聰明而在閱讀方面有困難的人們的神經(jīng)基礎(chǔ)。但引起關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)是這項(xiàng)研究的第二項(xiàng)成果，也就是女人在閱讀方面發(fā)生的障礙與男人不同。

這項(xiàng)研究的主持者兒科希賽網(wǎng)薩利. 舍維茨和她的丈夫，神經(jīng)學(xué)家貝內(nèi)特。 舍維茨研究的不是男女的性別差異, 他們研究采用了現(xiàn)有最先進(jìn)的反映大腦成像技術(shù) 實(shí)用磁共振成像，像其它反映大腦成像技術(shù)一樣，通過測試血流的微小變化來顯示大腦的哪些部分最活躍。但是， 薩利.舍維茨說實(shí)用磁共振成像技術(shù)比其它技術(shù)更精確，這也就是他們?nèi)绾谓K于發(fā)現(xiàn)了在音位處理，或者說讀音轉(zhuǎn)換方向的性別差異。

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