摘要:考博英語考試中經(jīng)常會遇到長難句,可以說是考試中的一大攔路虎,其實只要理解了長難句的構(gòu)成成分,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)長難句其實沒那么難。下面小編就為大家分享2021年考博英語長難句分析。更多相關(guān)資訊,請關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道。
1.{While it’s true [that techniques of active listening, (such as trying to anticipate the speaker’s next point to taking intelligent notes), can enhance the value of lecture]}, few students possess such skills at the beginning of their college careers.
這是一個主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個子句,子句類型以及連接詞如下:
①主句:few students possess such skills
【譯文】很少有學(xué)生掌握這些技巧
②分句一:while it’s true …
類型:讓步狀語從句;連接詞:while
【譯文】盡管……是真的
分句二:that techniques of active listening…can enhance the value of lecture
類型:主語從句(it是形式主語);連接詞:that
【譯文】 積極聽課的技巧能夠提高聽課的價值,如設(shè)法預(yù)測說話人的下一個要點以便有選擇地記筆記
其他修飾成分:such as trying to anticipate the speaker’s next point to taking intelligent notes是插入語;at the beginning of their college careers是時間狀語。
【全句譯文】的確,積極聽課的技巧能夠提高聽課的價值,如設(shè)法預(yù)測說話人的下一個要點以便有選擇地記筆記;但是很少有學(xué)生在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)的開始階段就掌握這些技巧。
2.Two decades of research produced a consensus among social scientists of both left and right [that family structure has a serious impact on children, even (when controlling for income, race, and other variables)].
這是一個主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個子句,子句類型以及連接詞如下:
①主句: Two decades of research produced a consensus
【譯文】20年的研究產(chǎn)生了一種共識
②分句一:that family structure has … variables
類型:同位語從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】家庭結(jié)構(gòu)對兒童有嚴(yán)重的影響……
分句二:even when controlling for income, race, and other variables
類型:時間狀語從句;連接詞:when
When引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,其中省略了主語“Two decades of research”同時將謂語變成了非謂語動詞形式,由于是主動語態(tài),所以用現(xiàn)在分詞形式“controlling”,其中for income, race…為原因狀語。
【譯文】即使當(dāng)收入、種族和其它可變因素受到控制時也是如此
【全句譯文】20年的研究在美國左翼和右翼社會科學(xué)家中都產(chǎn)生了一種共識,即家庭結(jié)構(gòu)對兒童有嚴(yán)重的影響,即使當(dāng)收入、種族和其它可變因素受到控制時也是如此。
3.In our discussion of instincts we saw {[that there was reason to believe that (whatever we inherit) must be of some very simple sort rather than any complicated or very definite kind of behavior]}.
這是一個主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個子句,子句類型以及連接詞如下:
①主句:we saw that…
【譯文】我們相信……
②分句一:that there was reason to believe…
類型:賓語從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】有理由相信……
分句二:that …must be of some very simple sort……
類型:賓語從句;連接詞:that
其中,rather than是并列連詞,使“some very simple sort”和“any complicated or very definite kind of behavior”并列
分句三:whatever we inherit
類型:主語從句;連接詞:whatever
【譯文】我們遺傳的東西
【全句譯文】當(dāng)討論本能的時候,我們有理由相信所有遺傳的東西一定是簡單的,而不是復(fù)雜的或者某種特定類型的行為。
4.Those in charge of running the IT basic facilities are expected to ensure {that operations run efficiently [with minimal downtime and with the ability to troubleshoot (where appropriate)]}.
這是一個主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個子句,子句類型以及連接詞如下:
①主句:Those are expected to ensure…
【譯文】人們期望……能確保
②分句一:that operations run efficiently ...
類型:賓語從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】操作有效運行
分句二:where appropriate
類型:地點狀語從句;連接詞:where
狀語從句中省略了主語和系動詞“where to troubleshoot is appropriate”
其他修飾成分:in charge of running the IT basic facilities做后置定語修飾those;with minimal downtime and with the ability to troubleshoot where appropriate做伴隨狀語。
【全句譯文】人們期望負責(zé)運行IT基本設(shè)施的那些人能確保操作有效地運行、故障時間最小化和有能力在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r下找出故障。
5.In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position”.
這是個主從復(fù)合句。
原句中的各個子句,子句類型以及連接詞如下:
①主句:the university publicly stressed …
【譯文】學(xué)校公開強調(diào)……
②分句一:that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position”
類型:賓語從句;連接詞:that
【譯文】艾莉森之前的工作確保了“耶魯大學(xué)財政狀況良好”
分句二:when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor
類型:非限制性定語從句;連接詞:when
【譯文】劍橋大學(xué)任命前艾莉森?理查德為副校長
其他修飾成分:another former Yale provost是Alison Richard的同位語
【全句譯文】2003年,劍橋大學(xué)任命前耶魯大學(xué)教務(wù)長艾莉森?理查德為副校長。學(xué)校公開強調(diào)艾莉森之前的工作確保了“耶魯大學(xué)財政狀況良好”。
考博英語備考資料免費領(lǐng)取
去領(lǐng)取
2025年考博英語考試
具體時間待通知