2021年考博英語翻譯專項(xiàng)練習(xí)（十一）

考博英語翻譯題一般包括英譯漢題、漢譯英題。其中漢譯英要求考生能將一篇社會(huì)、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)或科技類漢語短文譯成英語，要求譯文忠實(shí)原文，無明顯誤譯、漏譯；譯文通順，用詞正確、表達(dá)基本無誤，無明顯語法錯(cuò)誤；總量為150個(gè)左右漢字。英譯漢要求考生能將一篇英語社會(huì)、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技等為背景的英語短文譯成漢語，要求譯文忠實(shí)原文，無明顯誤譯、漏譯；譯文通順，用詞正確、表達(dá)基本無誤，無明顯語??；總量為100個(gè)左右單詞。為幫助大家更好的備考這類翻譯題型，小編為大家整理了部分院校的往年考博英語翻譯真題（武漢大學(xué)），一起來練習(xí)下吧。

Part A

Direction: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentences into Chinese．

As a trainer, what exactly motivates you to get up and go to work each morning? Is it money, recognition, affiliation, or something else?

Still others have limited self-images of what they can achieve, an image often shaped by a boss or an organization．

71．I believe the key to personal effectiveness at work (and to job satisfaction, also) is knowing what motivates us to perform at our best. It's then up to us to seek opportunities to fulfill these motivations. When a job no longer motivates us, it's time to move on. Jobs have lifecycles, so take stock of where you are and decide if that's where you want to be. Consider the following．

1．Do you enjoy what you do? Nobody's excited about their job all the time, but you need to derive something from the work each day if you're going to perform effectively. And money usually isn't a motivator. We're motivated by the desire to do good, to be effective, to connect with others, to be creative, or to make a difference. What really lights your fire? Have you gotten away from that in your work? You may have, yet not even know it．

2．Does your organization want you to realize your full potential? I believe many organizations lack the competence to develop or even keep good people. I've seen too many cases of individuals sent packing from organizations because they were more talented than their boss could stand, or because they did not always play by the company rules．

72．Also, prejudice and chauvinism still exist in the workplace. While we like to think women managers have achieved parity with men, this isn't true. The glass (some say concrete) ceiling stull exists in many places. So, if you're a minority, consider how this is affecting your advancement chances. Don't be bitter, but do get busy. It may be time to get out and find something better．

3．Feel plateaued or pigeonholed in your job? Then look for ways to make your job a “l(fā)earning-ground.” Explore those informal, “out-of-the-box” ways we can keep growing professionally, even if we're suffering from a career slump, working for a tyrant, or “trapped” in a job that doesn't fully use our talents．

For example, find a way to increase responsibility at work (and in so doing, acquire some experience you've been longing to add to your resume). Or eager to be published? Then, write an article for a professional journal. Time to polish your oratorical skills? Speak at a professional conference or serve on the speaker's committee for you local ASTD Chapter．

73．There are always ways to leverage your professional experience, even if that experience has been unpleasant. I know people who've written articles about sexual harassment based on their own negative experiences, then become stars on the speaking circuit because of it. Others have become consultants, specializing in areas they developed while employed by others．

Part B

Direction: Translate the following short paragraph into English and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET．

自從理查德·尼克松向癌癥宣戰(zhàn)以來已經(jīng)有三十年了。其間，不少希賽網(wǎng)、學(xué)者耗費(fèi)巨資試圖尋找各種方法以攻克這個(gè)難題。但是今天的癌癥死亡率與七十年代仍舊差不多一樣高。美國婦女中死于乳腺癌患者是世界上許多其他的五到三十倍。在泰國每十萬婦女中僅2至5人死于乳腺癌，而美國的婦女會(huì)有30至40人遭此厄運(yùn)。就其原因，沒有人會(huì)否認(rèn)其與飲食很有關(guān)系。有些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為：“每天人們攝入二至三磅食物，這是我們與環(huán)境最大范圍的接觸?！币虼巳藗儽仨毷种匾暳己玫娘嬍沉?xí)慣。雖說正確的飲食習(xí)慣不能根除世界上的癌癥，但它有利于減少患癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

KEY

Part A

71．我認(rèn)為個(gè)人的工作效力(以及對(duì)工作的滿意度)的關(guān)鍵在于要了解是什么動(dòng)機(jī)激勵(lì)人們?cè)诠ぷ鲿r(shí)達(dá)到較高效率或最滿意的狀態(tài)。當(dāng)然，這取決于我們自己要尋求機(jī)會(huì)來滿足并利用激勵(lì)因素。當(dāng)一項(xiàng)工作再也不能激勵(lì)我們進(jìn)步時(shí)，也就是該挪窩跳槽之日了。每種工作都具有生命周期，因此，要對(duì)你所干的工作做出準(zhǔn)確的判斷和評(píng)價(jià)以決定它是否仍是你想繼續(xù)留守的地方?？紤]如下幾個(gè)因素。

72．同樣，在工作中還存在偏見和沙文主義。我們總以為在女經(jīng)理與男經(jīng)理之間實(shí)現(xiàn)了平等，但事實(shí)并非如此。玻璃(有人說混凝土)天花板在許多地方仍然存在著。所以，如果你處于少數(shù)，則應(yīng)該細(xì)想一下它會(huì)怎樣影響你事業(yè)上的發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)。不要怨恨和覺得痛苦，但一定不要讓自己閑著。這也許是應(yīng)該辭職去尋找更好的工作的時(shí)候了。

73．總有許多影響你職業(yè)經(jīng)歷的途徑，即使這種經(jīng)歷令人不快。我知道有些人根據(jù)令人傷感的自身經(jīng)歷撰寫了性騷擾的文章，而正是此舉使巡回演講的她們一舉成名。還有一些人在受雇于人的同時(shí)，當(dāng)兼職顧問，專門從事這方面的工作。

Part B

It has already been three decades since Richard Nixon declared fight against cancer, during which many specialists and scholars spent a large amount of money trying to seek various ways to crack this hard nut. Yet today the death rate of cancer is nearly as high as it was in the 1970s. American women's death rate of breast cancer is five to thirty times as high as that of women in many other countries of the world. In Thailand, only two to five out of every 100,000 women die of breast cancer, whereas in the United States, 30 to 40 meet that fate. Among all the reasons, no one denies that diet is a large part of the reason. Some scientists hold, “It's our greatest exposure to the environment because humans put two to three pounds of food into their bodies every day.” Hence people should place a great emphasis on good eating habits. Though the correct eating habit can't eliminate cancer in the world, it can help reduce the risk of cancer．