2021年考博英語(yǔ)翻譯專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)（三）

考博英語(yǔ)翻譯中的英譯漢題型要求考生能將一篇英語(yǔ)社會(huì)、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、科技等為背景的英語(yǔ)短文譯成漢語(yǔ)，要求譯文忠實(shí)原文，無(wú)明顯誤譯、漏譯；譯文通順，用詞正確、表達(dá)基本無(wú)誤，無(wú)明顯語(yǔ)??；總量為100個(gè)左右單詞。為幫助大家更好的備考這類(lèi)翻譯題型，小編為大家整理了部分院校的往年考博英語(yǔ)翻譯真題（中國(guó)人民大學(xué)），一起來(lái)練習(xí)下吧。

Direction: Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese and write your translation clearly on the Answer Sheet．

(96)Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. In stead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not of fer the world new philosophies. (97)What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote. makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspect before Cervantes, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley, and people were aware of famine before Swift. (98) It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression, the satiric method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are morally wholesome or ethically instructive. (99) They are stimulating and refreshing because with common sense briskness they brush away illusions and secondhand opinions. With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract platitude. (100)Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus, an irreverent reminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy. Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth, though rarely to any action on behalf of truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of what they see, hear, and read in popular media is sanctimonious, sentimental, and only partially true. Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image of it. Soldiers rarely hold die ideals that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity. Intelligent people know these things but tend to forget them when they do not hear them expressed．

KEY

96．諷刺文學(xué)最顯著的特征或許就在于它的新穎性與獨(dú)特的視角。它很少提供有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的觀點(diǎn)。相反，它用一種新的形式來(lái)呈現(xiàn)我們熟悉的事物。

97．諷刺文學(xué)家所做的就是從另一個(gè)角度來(lái)觀察熟知的情形從而使之看起來(lái)是愚蠢的、有害的或做作的。它使陶醉在沾沾自喜中的我們受到強(qiáng)烈的震撼，從而意識(shí)到很多我們毫不懷疑地接受的價(jià)值實(shí)際上是錯(cuò)誤的。

98．諷刺文學(xué)之所以受歡迎并不是因?yàn)槠溆^點(diǎn)的獨(dú)特性，而是因?yàn)樗谋磉_(dá)方式和諷刺的手段使之顯得有趣。閱讀諷刺文學(xué)不是因?yàn)槠渌枷氲慕】祷蚴怯薪逃饬x，而是因?yàn)樗鼈兪敲缹W(xué)角度上一件令人滿(mǎn)意的藝術(shù)作品。

99．它們很刺激，也令人耳目一新，因?yàn)樗鼈円砸环N常識(shí)的敏銳掃除了一切幻想和道聽(tīng)途說(shuō)的觀點(diǎn)。它們天生地蔑視一切，要重整人們的視角，攪亂熟悉的事物使之不和諧，而且這些都是通過(guò)個(gè)性化的習(xí)語(yǔ)而非抽象的陳詞濫調(diào)來(lái)表達(dá)的。

100．諷刺文學(xué)的存在是因?yàn)橛袑?duì)它的需求。他之所以延續(xù)下來(lái)是因?yàn)樗o讀者帶來(lái)耳目一新的刺激，毫不留情地提醒著他們生存的世界是一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)陳腐的思想、廉價(jià)的道德和愚蠢的哲學(xué)的地方，而這些恰恰贏來(lái)讀者的欣賞。

注：以上內(nèi)容來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，若有侵權(quán)，可聯(lián)系客服刪除。