2021年考博英語翻譯專項練習（二）

考博英語翻譯中的英譯漢題型要求考生能將一篇英語社會、文化、經(jīng)濟、科技等為背景的英語短文譯成漢語，要求譯文忠實原文，無明顯誤譯、漏譯；譯文通順，用詞正確、表達基本無誤，無明顯語??；總量為100個左右單詞。為幫助大家更好的備考這類翻譯題型，小編為大家整理了部分院校的往年考博英語翻譯真題（東北大學），一起來練習下吧。

Direction: Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese and write your translation clearly on the Answer Sheet．

(96)Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. In stead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not of fer the world new philosophies. (97)What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote. makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspect before Cervantes, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley, and people were aware of famine before Swift. (98) It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression, the satiric method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are morally wholesome or ethically instructive. (99) They are stimulating and refreshing because with common sense briskness they brush away illusions and secondhand opinions. With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives, scrambles familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract platitude. (100)Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus, an irreverent reminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy. Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth, though rarely to any action on behalf of truth. Satire tends to remind people that much of what they see, hear, and read in popular media is sanctimonious, sentimental, and only partially true. Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image of it. Soldiers rarely hold die ideals that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity. Intelligent people know these things but tend to forget them when they do not hear them expressed．

KEY

96．諷刺文學最顯著的特征或許就在于它的新穎性與獨特的視角。它很少提供有獨創(chuàng)性的觀點。相反，它用一種新的形式來呈現(xiàn)我們熟悉的事物。

97．諷刺文學家所做的就是從另一個角度來觀察熟知的情形從而使之看起來是愚蠢的、有害的或做作的。它使陶醉在沾沾自喜中的我們受到強烈的震撼，從而意識到很多我們毫不懷疑地接受的價值實際上是錯誤的。

98．諷刺文學之所以受歡迎并不是因為其觀點的獨特性，而是因為它的表達方式和諷刺的手段使之顯得有趣。閱讀諷刺文學不是因為其思想的健康或是有教育意義，而是因為它們是美學角度上一件令人滿意的藝術作品。

99．它們很刺激，也令人耳目一新，因為它們以一種常識的敏銳掃除了一切幻想和道聽途說的觀點。它們天生地蔑視一切，要重整人們的視角，攪亂熟悉的事物使之不和諧，而且這些都是通過個性化的習語而非抽象的陳詞濫調(diào)來表達的。

100．諷刺文學的存在是因為有對它的需求。他之所以延續(xù)下來是因為它給讀者帶來耳目一新的刺激，毫不留情地提醒著他們生存的世界是一個充滿陳腐的思想、廉價的道德和愚蠢的哲學的地方，而這些恰恰贏來讀者的欣賞。

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