摘要:語法的學(xué)習(xí)可以是是英語學(xué)習(xí)中最難理解的了,那么怎么復(fù)習(xí)考博英語語法呢?希賽網(wǎng)英語頻道為大家分享相關(guān)內(nèi)容,更多考試相關(guān)資訊,請關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道。
語法的復(fù)習(xí)是比較枯燥的,同時對于參加博士生入學(xué)考試的學(xué)員來說,基礎(chǔ)語法的學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)是很久之前的事情了。要想在短期內(nèi)提高語法基本功,最理想的辦法就是復(fù)習(xí)語法知識和做題。以下是小編為大家整理分享的考博英語常見的語法知識點內(nèi)容,希望能給大家提供幫助。
1.在時間和條件(有時也在方式、讓步等)從句中,主句是一般將來時,從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。
e.g. we’ll go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
i’ll write to you as soon as i get to shanghai.
2.有些時間、地點、條件、方式或讓步從句,如果從句的主語與主句主語一致(或雖不一致,是it),從句的謂語又包含動詞be ,就可省略從句中的“主語 + be”部分。
e.g. when (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.
if (you are) asked you may come in.
if (it is) necessary i’ll explain to you again.
3.注意區(qū)分不同從句:引導(dǎo)的是什么從句,不僅要根據(jù)連詞,還要根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意來判別。以where為例,能引導(dǎo)多種從句。
e.g. you are to find it where you left it.(地點狀語從句)
tell me the address where he lives.(定語從句,句中有先行詞)
i don’t know where he came from.(賓語從句)
where he has gone is not known yet.(主語從句)
this place is where they once hid.(表語從句)
1) 時間狀語從句
時間狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo):when, whenever, as, while, since, until, till, before, after, as soon as, once, hardly (scarcely) …when, no sooner …than。
i will discuss the matter with you when we meet tomorrow.
時間狀語從句還可由某些可充當(dāng)連詞的名詞(the moment, the instant, every time,等)和副詞(instantly, directly等)引導(dǎo):
i will tell you the news the instant i know.
note:
①before除了可表示“在…之前”外,還可用來強調(diào)主句所表達的時間、距離很長或花費的力量相比較大,可譯為“…才”。(“not …before”可用來強調(diào)主句所表達的時間、距離很短或花費的力量相比較小,可譯為“…就”)。
it was a long time before i got to sleep again.
②如果位于when引導(dǎo)的分句之前的主句使用過去進行時、過去完成時或“was/were about to, was/were on the point of”等結(jié)構(gòu)時,when表示突然發(fā)生某事,可譯為“正在…突然”或“剛…就”等。這時,不能夠用as或while來代替when。
i was walking on the street when i ran into my old friend john.
2) 條件狀語從句
條件狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo):if, unless, providing/provided (that), suppose/supposing (that), on condition (that), as/so long as, in case等。
so long as you work hard, you will surely achieve good results in examinations.
3) 讓步狀語從句
讓步狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo):though, although, even if, even though, whatever, however, whoever, wherever, no matter how/ what/ where/ when等。以下介紹幾種較特殊的讓步狀語從句。
(1)while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句多放在句首,while相當(dāng)于although,表示“盡管”,“雖然”。
while i admit i did it, i didn’t intend to.
(2)短語“even now/then/so”相當(dāng)于“though it is/was true”,表示“盡管如此”,“盡管這樣”。
the fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong.
(3) as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句要倒裝。
child as he was, he could speak four languages.
4) 比較狀語從句
比較狀語從句主要由以下連詞引導(dǎo):(not) as …as, (not) the same as, (not) such …as, not so …as, than, the + 比較級…, the +比較級…等。
we have had a lot more rainfall this year than we had last year.
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