考博英語詞匯與語法練習(十九)

考博英語 責任編輯:胡陸 2020-03-28

摘要:考博英語詞匯語法題是各博士招生院校??碱}型之一,希賽網(wǎng)考博英語為整理了考博英語詞匯語法題練習供考博生們參考練習,希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。更多考博相關(guān)信息,請關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道。

1. The atmosphere ________ of certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.

A) composes

B) comprises

C) consists

D) constitutes

2. While he was in the office he________ doing something to doing nothing.

A) preferred

B) liked

C) favoured

D) approved

3. Metals________ when cooled and expand when heated.

A) decrease

B) reduce

C) condense

D) contract

4. Take your raincoat with you________ it rains.

A) by chance

B) in case

C) at large

D) on occasion

5. He was afraid he would have to________ her invitation to the party.

A) refute

B) refuse

C) reject

D) decline

6.At the Committee last Saturday the following proposal was agreed________ by those present.

A) to

B) with

C) over

D) at

7. We went to see the exhibition________ the storm.

A) but for

B) in spite of

C) for the sake of

D) instead of

8.To my surprise, at yesterday’s meeting he again brought________ the plan that had been disapproved a week before.

A) about

B) out

C) back

D) up

9. The doctor took X-rays to________ the chance of broken bones.

A) make sure

B) rule out

C) break down

D) knock out

10. He felt it rather difficult to take a stand________ the opinion of the majority.

A) for

B) against

C) to

D) by

11.He has behaved in the most extraordinary way recently; I can’t________ his behaving like that at all.

A) look into

B) break through

C) account for

D) get over

12. How did it come________ that you made a lot of mistakes in your homework?

A) about

B) along

C) around

D) by

13. He could produce no evidence________ his argument.

A) in respect of

B) in view of

C) in support of

D) on account of

14.The government should________ with the irrational regulations restricting drinking hours.

A) break away

B) come up

C) get away

D) do away

15. I know him well enough to accept his explanation________ .

A) without question

B) by all means

C) at any cost

D) in any case

16. It was a small country house, but it was large________ urban standards.

A) at

B) for

C) by

D) from

17.The travellers sought shelter________ the rain and happened to find a road-side inn.

A) from

B) against

C) for

D) with

18. All our attempts to________ the child from drowning were in vain.

A) regain

B) recover

C) reserve

D) rescue

19. This is the first draft of the book. Please feel perfectly free to________ it.

A) deal with

B) comment on

C) cope with

D) dwell on

20. I was always taught that it was________ to interrupt.

A) rude

B) coarse

C) rough

D) crude

參考答案:

1. 答案C.consist of“由……組成(或構(gòu)成)”(作此義解時該短語只有主動態(tài),沒有被動態(tài),不能說be consisted of)compose vt . “(若干部分)構(gòu)成(整體)”(其被動態(tài)be consisted of 與consist of 同義)comprise vt. “包括,包含,由……組成;組成,構(gòu)成”(該詞相當于compose和be composed of兩個意思)constitute vt .“組成,構(gòu)成,形成”

2. 答案A.prefer vt .“更喜歡”(常使用的正確句型是:prefer A to B; prefer doing A to doing B; prefer to do A rather than [to] do B;prefer that sb[should] do sth)like和favour兩個動詞后面都可以跟-ing,但不用like/favour(doing) A to (doing) B句型approve vt .“贊成,同義;批準,核準”

3. 答案D. Contract v.“收縮,縮小,縮短”(如contract one's muscles; One's muscles contract.)decrease v.“減小,減少”reduce vt .“減少,縮小”

4. 答案B.in case “以防萬一,假如”(后面直接跟從句,從句謂語多用一般時態(tài),也可用should/may+原形動詞,但不直接用原形動詞;美國人常把in case+從句放在句首,表示“如果”,如In case I forget,please remind me about it;但有時in case可以單獨用,后面不跟從句,表示“以防出現(xiàn)萬一”,如

It may not rain,but you had better take an umbrella just in case.)by chance“偶然,碰巧”at large(標語)“(罪犯)逍遙法外的,未被捕獲的”;(作后置定語)“大多數(shù)的”(如students at large)on occasion“有時,間或”

5. 答案D。deline vt.“婉辭,謝絕(邀請);不愿(做某事)”(后面跟不定式);vi.“下降,減少,衰落”△refuse vt.“批駁,駁斥,駁倒”(賓語可以是人或某人的論點)refuse vt.“拒絕(給予或接受)”(句型:refuse sth/to-V)reject vt.“拒絕,駁回;據(jù)納,退回”(后面只能跟名詞或代詞作賓語,不跟其他句型)

6. 答案A。agree to sth :“同意,贊成”(相當于consent to,其賓語可以是極化、辦法、措施、方案等名詞);agree后面還常跟with/on: agree with sb/sb’ opinion“同意某人的看法”;agree with 另一個??嫉囊馑际恰斑m合于<某人>”,常以食物或天氣作主語,(如The weather/Sea food doesn’t agree with me .)agree on “(在某問題上)取得一致意見“;agree with sb. about/on/over sth”在……上同意某人的看法”;不說agree at sth

7. 答案B。in spite of “雖然,盡管;不顧”but for“若不是”(多用于引導一個非真實的條件)for the sake of “為了,為了……的利益,看在……的份上”instead of“而不,作為……的替代”

8. 答案D. bring up“(在會上)提出(問題供討論或引起注意);培養(yǎng),教育(子女)”bring about sth“引起,導致”bring out“使顯出;出版,推出”bring back“帶回來”

9. 答案D。rule out“排除(可能性)”make sure(that…/to do sth) “查明,弄確實;務(wù)必(做某事)”break down“損壞;(身體)垮下來;(機器)出故障”,knock out“擊昏,擊倒”

10. 答案B。take a stand for/against sth“對……表明態(tài)度支持/反對”(注:take a stand后面不跟to/by sth)

11. 答案C。account for“說明或解釋(原因);說明(錢是怎么花的);占……(多大部分)”(如account for one’s absence from class; account for the money spent; Women account for half of the population.)look into“調(diào)查,了解”break through“突破,突圍”get over“克服(困難);解決(問題);從(疾病、失望、震驚中)恢復過來”

12. 答案A。come(about)“發(fā)生,造成”(多用于how疑問句中,也可用于陳述句,在非正式英語中還可簡化為How come +從句?如How come you were late for class yesterday?)come along“進行,進展;(機會)出現(xiàn);(用在祈使句中)趕快,快點”come around“蘇醒;順訪”come by sth=get obtain“得到”

13. 答案C.in support of(狀語)“支持,證明”in respect of/with respect to“至于,關(guān)于”in view of“由于,鑒于;考慮到”on account of(狀語)“由于,因為”

14. 答案D。do away with sth“廢除,消除,去掉;干掉,處理掉”break away(from)“突然離開,突然逃掉;與……決裂;改掉(壞習慣)”(不說break away with)come up with“提出,提供,想出(主意、辦法、方案等)”get away with“攜帶……而逃”

15. 答案A。without question“毫無疑問地,毫無異議地;不加懷疑地”(作狀語修飾謂語動詞或放在be后面修飾表語,如He can do the work well without question; He is without question the best player on the team.還可以說beyond question“毫無疑問,確定無疑”,不過該短語一般作表語或修飾表語)by all means“盡一切辦法;務(wù)必”at any cost/at all costs“不惜任何代價,無論如何”on any case“無論如何,不管怎樣”

16. 答案C。by…standards“按照……的標準來衡量”(不與其他三個介詞搭配)

17. 答案A。shelter n.“掩蔽處,躲避處;掩蔽,保護”(seek/take/find sheler from the rain or other dangers“宣召避雨<或躲避其它危險>的地方”,do sth under shelter of“在……的掩護下做某事”,可以說seek/take shelter in…for the night“在…過夜”;shelter不與against/with搭配)

18. 答案D。rescue vt./n/“營救,援救”(rescue sb from“把……從……救出”;come/go to sb’s rescue“前去營救某人”)○regain vt.“重新獲得,收復,恢復”recover vt.“重新獲得,重新找到;收回,挽回”reserve vt.“保留,留存;預定(座位)”

19. 答案B. comment on sth “對……發(fā)表評論”deal with sth“處理;論述;涉及”cope with sth(difficult)“(設(shè)法)對付,應(yīng)付(困難的問題或局面)”△dwell on/upon sth“詳述,強調(diào);老是想著(某事)”

20.答案A。rude adj.“粗魯?shù)?,不禮貌的;粗糙的,簡陋的(工具等)”(如a rude child; rude behavior; rude remarks; rude tools)coarse adj.“粗糙的(材料、質(zhì)地);粗俗的(語言、舉止)”rough adj.“粗糙的(材料);粗魯?shù)?,粗暴的(行為?粗略的,大致的:crude adj.”天然的,未加工的;簡陋的,粗糙的“

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