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考博英語完形填空練習題附答案解析
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A potful of evidence suggests that the antioxidants and polyphenols in tea help protect you from stroke and heart attack, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, and cancers of the lung, mouth, breast, pancreas, prostate and skin. The essential oils found in the leaves even aid 1 by increasing the flow of digestive juices.
Now it turns out that tea, 2 chicken soup or echinacea, is what can give your body an extra 3 to help it battle infections.
Given 20 ounces of tea daily, non-tea drinkers were better able to fight 4 bacterial diseases, according to a study at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. The researchers 5 L-theanine, an 6 found in black, green, oolong and pekoe teas--but not in 7 teas, which usually don't contain Camellia sinensis, the one true tea 8 .
When broken down by the liver, L-theanine becomes an antigen called ethylamine, 9 primes the response of gamma-delta T cells against a 10 of bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic 11 , and possibly tumors. (Ethylamine is also found in other plant-based foods, such as apples, mushrooms and wine.)
In the study, blood samples from new tea drinkers were 12 to E. coli, bacteria 13 food poisoning and ulcers. The 14 cells in the tea drinkers produced five times the interferon―an important element of the body's 15 system--than they had before tea was 16 . No change was noted in a 17 group of coffee drinkers.
“I don’tthink there’s a 18 to [drinking tea],” says co-author Jack F. Bukowski, M.D, of Harvard Medical School. While tea won’t 19 you or make you immune from illness, “people who do get sick will probably get a milder 20 ,” Bukowski says.
1. A. deterioration B. digestion C. destination D. distinction
2. A. other than B. rather than C. better than D. more than
3. A. kick B. kit C. kite D. kid
4. A. off B. against C. with D. for
5. A. praise B. acknowledge C. credit D. create
6. A. item B. instance C. information D. ingredient
7. A. herbal B.credible C. favorable D. fashionable
8. A. product B. package C. producer D. plant
9. A. whichB. thatC. who D. where
10. A. lot B. number C. variety D. range
11. A. diseases B. infections C. illnesses D. deficiencies
12. A. exposed B. opposed C. disclosed D. proposed
13. A. connected with B. combined with C. referred to D. linked to
14. A. immense B. important C. immediate D. immune
15. A. defeat B. defense C. decrease D. disease
16. A. introduced B. increased C. indulged D. indicated
17. A. compare B. control C. contrast D. consent
18. A. downside B. upside C. inside D. outside
19. A. heal B. treatC. cure D. remedy
20. A. illness B. diseaseC. sickness D. case
1. 【答案】B
【解析】deterioration意思是“退化,墮落”,digestion意思是“消化”,destination意思是“目的地”,distinction意思是“區(qū)別”。根據(jù)上下文和關鍵詞“digestive juices”,我們可以確定B是正確答案。
2. 【答案】B
【解析】other than的意思是“不同于,非”,rather than的意思是“不如說…而不是…”,better than的意思是“比…好”,more than的意思是“比…多”。chicken soup or echinacea是插入語,起到補充說明的作用,根據(jù)句子意思,B是正確答案。
3. 【答案】A
【解析】kick,kit,kite和kid的意思分別是“踢”,“成套工具,工具包”,“風箏”和“小孩”,kick另有“極度的刺激”之意,所以kick為正確選項。這句話的意思是:茶葉而不是雞湯或海膽能為人體提供額外的刺激,幫助它對抗細菌。
4. 【答案】A
【解析】四個介詞都可和fight搭配,fight off意思是“擊退”,fight against和fight with的意思都是“和…戰(zhàn)斗”,fight for意思是“為…而戰(zhàn)斗”。fight against和fight with可以同時被排除,fight for也不對,因此答案是A。
5. 【答案】C
【解析】praise意思是“表揚”,acknowledge意思是“承認,答謝”,credit意思是“認為有某種優(yōu)點”,create意思是“創(chuàng)造”。praise一般是口頭贊揚,此處研究人員認為茶葉具有某種優(yōu)點,用credit更正規(guī)、客觀,所以選C。
6. 【答案】D
【解析】item意思是“條款,項目”,instance意思是“例子,建議”,information意思是“信息”,ingredient意思是“成分”。這里指的是綠茶、紅茶、烏龍茶和白毫的某種共同成分,所以應選D。
7. 【答案】A
【解析】herbal意思為“草藥的”,credible意思是“可信的”,favorable意思是“贊成的,有利的”,fashionable意思是“流行的,時髦的”。從句子結構可以看出,teas和前面的green tea等相對應,是一種茶葉,因此正確答案為A。
8. 【答案】D
【解析】product意思是“產(chǎn)品”,package意思是“包裹”,producer意思是“生產(chǎn)商”,plant意思是“植物”。從句子結構看,the one true tea是Camellia(茶科)sinensis的同位語,所以只能是tea plant(茶科植物),正確答案是D。9. 【答案】A
【解析】根據(jù)句子結構分析,此處是非限制性定語從句,修飾ethylamine,因此只能選which,正確答案為A。
10. 【答案】C
【解析】后面列舉了各種類型的疾病,諸如細菌性、病毒性、真菌性和寄生性的,因此四個選項中最合適的是variety,C是正確答案。
11. 【答案】B
【解析】disease意思是“疾病”,infection意思是“傳染病”,illness也是“疾病”,deficiency意思是“缺乏,不足”。disease和illness是同義詞,同時排除,deficiency也不合適,所以選B。
12. 【答案】A
【解析】expose的意思是“使暴露”,oppose意思是“反對”,disclose意思是“揭露”,propose意思是“提出”。be exposed to意思是“使充分接觸”。本句意思是:在研究中,從新近開始喝茶者身上提取血液樣本,讓他們的血液樣本和E. coli細菌充分接觸以觀察變化,正確答案為A。
13. 【答案】D
【解析】be connected with的意思是“和…連接”,be combined with意思是“和…組合”,be referred to意思是“被提及”,be linked to意思是“和…關聯(lián)”。這里指的是與食物中毒和潰瘍有關的細菌,link比其他幾個選項更合適,因此正確答案為D。
14. 【答案】D
【解析】immense意思是“極大的”,important意思是“重要的”,immediate意思是“立即的,直接的”,immune意思是“免疫的”。被選詞后搭配的詞是cell(細胞),聯(lián)系上下文的意思,此處應選詞為immune,D為正確答案。
15. 【答案】B
【解析】defeat意思是“失敗”,defense意思是“保衛(wèi),防衛(wèi)”,decrease意思是“減少”,disease意思是“疾病”。空格后面的名詞是system,它是人體的一個系統(tǒng),顯然只能選defense,正確答案為B。
16. 【答案】A
【解析】introduce意思是“介紹,引進”,increase意思是“增加”,indulge“縱容”,indicate意思是“顯示,指出”。此處將喝茶前后人體反應進行對照,before引導時間狀語從句,從句中的主語是tea,因此正確選項為A。
17. 【答案】B
【解析】一般做實驗會把實驗對象分為兩組,一組是實驗組“experimental group”,另外一組是對照組“control group”。正確答案為B。
18. 【答案】A
【解析】downside的意思是“消極的一面,負面”,upside是“上面,上部”,inside是“里面,內側”,outside是“外面,外表”。四個選項中只有downside符合句子意思,正確答案為A。
19. 【答案】C
【解析】四個選項為同義詞,都有“治療”的意思。heal為“愈合”,偏重于外傷。treat為“治療”,指治療的過程。cure意思是“治愈”,指結果。remedy意思是“醫(yī)治,治療,矯正’。本句中you和make you immune from illness是并列的,cure是最合適的選項,答案是C。
20. 【答案】D
【解析】illness,disease和sickness是同義詞,都有“病”的意思,case指的是“病癥”,因為前面有mild修飾,而且前三個選項之間無法取舍,因此正確答案是D。
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