考博英語翻譯技巧：倍數(shù)句型及其譯法

考博英語翻譯技巧：倍數(shù)句型及其譯法

考博英語翻譯要掌握一定的技巧,希賽網(wǎng)考博英語為廣大考生整理考博英語翻譯技巧，希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。

英語表示倍數(shù)增減或倍數(shù)對比的句型多種多樣，其中有 一些(如下文中的句型②、⑤、⑥、⑧、(12) 等，見圈碼)很容易譯錯——其主要原因在于：英漢兩語在表述或?qū)Ρ缺稊?shù)方面存在著語言與思維差異?，F(xiàn)將常 用的英語倍數(shù)句型及其正確譯法歸納如下：

倍數(shù)增加

(一) A is n times as great(long，much，…)as B.(①).

A is n times greater (longer， more，…)than B.(②).

A is n times the size (length， amount，…)of B.(③).

以上三句都應(yīng)譯為;A的大小(長度，數(shù)量，……)是B的n倍[或A比B大(長，多，……)n-1倍].

Eg. This book is three times as long as (three times longer than，threetimes the length of )that one.

這本書的篇幅是那本書的3倍(即長兩倍)。

注：當(dāng)相比的對象B很明顯時，than(as，of)B常被省去。

(二)increase to n times(④).

increase n times/n-fold(⑤).

increase by n times(⑥).

increase by a factor of n(⑦).

以上四式均應(yīng)譯為：增加到n倍(或：增加n-1倍)。

Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three timesas compared with last year.

集成電路的產(chǎn)量比去年增加了兩倍。

Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as againstl986.

化肥產(chǎn)量比1986年增加了4倍。

Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.

那可使代謝率提高到原來的2倍或3倍(即提高1倍或2倍)。

Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four.

漏電壓增加了3借(即增加到原來的4倍)。

注：在這類句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等詞所替代。

(三)There is a n-fold increase/growth…(⑧)應(yīng)譯為：增加n-倍(或增至n倍)。這個句型還有其它一些形式：

Eg. A record high increase in value of four times was reported.

據(jù)報(bào)道，價值破記錄地增長了3倍。

(四)double (增加1倍)，treble(增加2倍)，quadruple(增加3倍)。(⑨).

Eg. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled.

這些機(jī)器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。

(五)此外，英語中還有一種用again而不用倍數(shù)詞來比較倍數(shù)的方法，如：

A is as much (large，long，…)again as B.(= A is twice as much (large，long，…)as .

B.(⑩)

應(yīng)譯為：A比B多(大，長，……)1倍。

A is half as much (large， 1ong，…)again as B.

「= A is one and a half times as much (large， 1ong，…)as B.」(11).

應(yīng)譯為：A比B多(大，長……)一半(即A是B的一倍半)。