考博英語閱讀模擬練習(xí)題附詳細(xì)答案解析(6)

考博英語閱讀模擬練習(xí)題附詳細(xì)答案解析

考博英語閱讀理解題型想要獲得平日的練習(xí)必不可少，希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道為考博生們整理了考博英語閱讀理解模擬練習(xí)題，希望考博生們做題時(shí)注意時(shí)間，認(rèn)真對待，題后有詳細(xì)的答案解析，供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)。希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。

For most of hislife Chuck Feeney has guarded his privacy obsessively. When he became a philanthropist,his gifts came on condition that his name never appeared on any press releaseor plaque; all donations would cease if confidentiality was breached.But when he decided to co-operate with Conor O'Clery on this book, many of thepeople in his life, released from their Trappist vows, let themselvesgo. The result is gripping.

AnIrish-American, born in New Jersey in 1931, Mr Feeney made a fortune byco-founding Duty Free Shoppers (DFS) which first soldtax-exempt goods to American soldiers abroad and then tapped into the rise ofmass tourism. When DFS was sold in 1997, it haddelivered nearly $8 billion to its four main shareholders, of which Mr Feeneywas the joint biggest, with 38.75% .

Tax avoidance isthe flip side to Mr Feeney's philanthropic coin. He is addicted to it. “Chuckhates taxes. He believes people can do more with money than governments can,”says a friend. In 1964 a young New York lawyer, Harvey Dale, told Mr Feeneythat changes in the tax laws threatened his business, which was running risksthat could put the founders in jail. On his advice, Mr Feeney and hisco-founder, Robert Miller, transferred ownership to their foreign-born wives,from France and Ecuador, respectively. In 1974, through a deal with theAmerican government, the firm turned the Pacific island of Saipan into a taxhaven. Then, in 1978, Mr Feeney grouped his various investments, includinghis shares of DFS, in a holding company, GeneralAtlantic Group Limited, in tax-free Bermuda. To escape the American taxman,everything was still registered in his wife's name.

Mr Feeneycarefully shunned all outward evidence of wealth. But as soon as DFS became reliably profitable, he started the practice ofgiving 5% of his pre-tax profits to good causes. In 1982 he created afoundation, the Atlantic Philanthropies, based in Bermuda. Two years later hesigned over his fortune to the foundation, except for sums set aside for hiswife and children. His net worth fell below $5m. When he broke the news to hischildren, he gave them each a copy of Andrew Carnegie's essay on wealth,written in 1889.

Mr Feeney hasgiven his alma mater, Cornell University, more than $600m, dwarfing allother donations from a single alumnus to an American university. He hascontributed hundreds of millions of dollars towards higher education inIreland, South Africa and Australia. He has helped with health care in Vietnam.In 2004 he went to Cuba, where he met Fidel Castro, who seemed only too happyto accept his capitalist-tax-avoided dollars. But it was his support for theIrish peace process that caused the most controversy, including accusations(without foundation, it turned out) that he had financed the IRA.

Mr Feeney iscommitted to giving away all the money in his foundation by a fixeddate—thought to be in about ten years—but his investment prowess makesthis difficult. Currently, Atlantic Philanthropies is worth $4 billion (upfrom $3.5 billion in 2001) even though, over its lifetime, it has given awayabout $4 billion in increasing amounts. The trouble for Mr Feeney is thatthe foundation's assets are growing as fast as he tries to get rid of them.

1. When Chuck decide to co-operate with Conor O’clery on this book, many of the people in his life_____

[A] left Chuck for ever.

[B] broke previous their promises of maintaining confidentiality.

[C] talk about what they know about Chuck.

[D] felt surprised and then disappointed about Chuck.

2. Mr Feeney was dedicated to avoiding tax because_____

[A] he wanted to make more money.

[B] he wanted to give more money to good causes.

[C] he thought the government was corrupted.

[D] he thought people could manage the society with their own money by themselves.

3. Pacific island of Saipan _____ through a deal with the American government in 1974.

[A] made favorable tax policy for Mr. Feeney’s firm

[B] established a branch of DFS.

[C] became a tax-free place

[D] became a heaven for tax-free business

4. Which one of the following statements is NOT true of Mr. Feeney’s charity activities?

[A] He made huge donations to Cornell University.

[B] He contributed money to higher education.

[C] He supported the health care in Vietnam.

[D] He financed the IRA for the Irish peace process

5. It is difficult for Mr. Feeney to give away all the money in his foundation in about ten years since_____

[A] he has made too much investment elsewhere to take back the money.

[B] the foundation’s assets are increasing too fast to be completely given away.

[C] he has trouble in finding reliable means to donate all the money.

[D] ten years is too long for him to give away all the money.

文章剖析：

這篇文章介紹了一位慈善家Chuck Feeney。第一段講述Feeney先生不愿意透露自己的隱私，卻最后答應(yīng)合作編這本書讓自己的秘密公眾于天下;第二段講述Feeney先生的身世和創(chuàng)業(yè);第三段講述Feeney先生對免稅事業(yè)的執(zhí)著;第四段講述他成立了基金會;第五段講述其基金會的捐贈歷史;第六段講述他完成捐款任務(wù)的困難。

詞匯注釋：

Philanthropist n. 慈善家 phaque n. 匾額

Trappist n. n.[宗](天主教西多會中的)特拉普派(的)(此派強(qiáng)調(diào)緘口苦修)

gripping adj. 引起人注意的;吸引人的

alma master n. 母校 proess n. 威力

難句突破：

(1) Then, in 1978, Mr Feeney grouped his various investments, including his shares of DFS, in a holding company, General Atlantic Group Limited, in tax-free Bermuda.

[主體句式] Mr Feeney grouped his investments in a holding company in tax-free Bermuda.

[結(jié)構(gòu)分析]這是一個(gè)簡單句，including…現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)是前面investments的定語;General Atlantic Group Limited是前面company的同位語。

[句子譯文] 1978年，F(xiàn)eeney先生把自己各種投資都集合起來，包括他在免稅店的份額，然后投進(jìn)了一家在免稅的百慕大群島成立控股公司——大西洋有限公司。

(2) Currently, Atlantic Philanthropies is worth $4 billion (up from $3.5 billion in 2001) even though, over its lifetime, it has given away about $4 billion in increasing amounts.

[主體句式] Atlantic Philanthropies is worth… even though it has given…

[結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。后面分句中，over its lifetime是分句的狀語。

[句子譯文] 目前“大西洋慈善”價(jià)值40億美元(而在2001年只有35億)這是在已經(jīng)累計(jì)捐出了40億美元之后的情況。

題目分析：

1. When Chuck decide to co-operate with Conor O’clery on this book, many of the people in his life_____1. 當(dāng)Chuck決定和Conor O’clery合作編這本書時(shí)，他生命中許多人_____

[A] left Chuck for ever.[A] 永遠(yuǎn)離開了Chuck。

[B] broke their previous promises of maintaining confidentiality.[B] 打破了自己曾經(jīng)許下的保密諾言。

[C] talk about what they know about Chuck.[C] 談?wù)撍麄兯赖腃huck。

[D] felt surprised and then disappointed about Chuck.[D] 對Chuck先是感到驚訝、然后是失望。

[答案]C

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆

[分析]推理題。第一段提到Chuck一直在保護(hù)自己的隱私，但提到合作寫這本書時(shí)用了轉(zhuǎn)折詞，可以推斷這次他并沒有緘口，他生命中的許多人也因此可以隨意談?wù)撍麄兯赖腃hunk。選項(xiàng)中C符合題意。A和D選項(xiàng)是明顯錯誤的，而B選項(xiàng)是一個(gè)較強(qiáng)的干擾選項(xiàng)。錯誤在于這些人不是打破了自己的諾言，而是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒有必要再遵守諾言了，因此連Chunk自己都已經(jīng)開金口了。

2. Mr Feeney was dedicated to avoiding tax because_____2. Mr. Feeney竭力避免稅收是因?yàn)開____

[A] he wanted to make more money.[A] 他想要賺更多的錢。

[B] he wanted to give more money to good causes.[B] 他想要將更多的錢投入公益事業(yè)。

[C] he thought the government was corrupted.[C] 他認(rèn)為政府是腐敗的。

[D] he thought people could manage the society with their own money by themselves.[D]他認(rèn)為人們可以用自己的錢自己來管理社會。

[答案]D

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆☆

[分析]細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段提到，F(xiàn)eeney先生對免稅上了癮，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為人們用錢可以比政府辦更多的事情，因此，選項(xiàng)中D最為符合題意。C作者并未提到政府腐敗，只是提到人們用錢可以比政府辦的事情更多。

3. Pacific island of Saipan_____ through a deal with the American government in 1974.3.通過和美國政府達(dá)成的一個(gè)協(xié)議，太平洋塞班島_____

[A] made favorable tax policy for Mr. Feeney’s firm[A]為Feeney先生的公司制定了有利的稅收政策。

[B]established a branch of DFS[B] 建立了其免稅店的一個(gè)分店。

[C] became a tax-free place[C] 成為免稅的地方。

[D] became a heaven for tax-free business[D] 成為免稅商業(yè)活動的天堂。

[答案]C

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆☆

[分析]推理題。文章第三段提到，F(xiàn)eeney先生為了避免法律麻煩，把免稅店轉(zhuǎn)給了妻子，而后來同美國政府達(dá)成協(xié)議，把塞班島成為了一個(gè)“水手避難所”，也就是免稅的地方。C選項(xiàng)為正確答案。A選項(xiàng)是錯誤的，因?yàn)槿鄭u是同美國政府達(dá)成的協(xié)議，并沒有專門為Feeney先生的公司制定政策。B選項(xiàng)顯然是錯誤的，因?yàn)椴粌H僅是開一個(gè)免稅店的問題那么簡單，而是整個(gè)島都變成了免稅的地方。D選項(xiàng)有一定的干擾性，雖然小島上都是免稅的，但是沒有證據(jù)表明它成為了免稅商業(yè)活動的天堂。

4. Which one of the following statements is NOT ture of Mr Feeney’s charity activities?4.關(guān)于Feeney先生的慈善行為，下列哪個(gè)陳述是錯誤的?

[A] He made huge donations to Cornell University.[A] 他為康奈爾大學(xué)捐了巨額款項(xiàng)。

[B] He contributed money to higher education.[B] 他為高等教育捐資。

[C] He supported the health care in Vietnam.[C] 他資助越南的衛(wèi)生事業(yè)。

[D] He financed the IRA for the Irish peace process.[D]他因?yàn)閻蹱柼m和平進(jìn)程資助了愛爾蘭共和軍。

[答案]D

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆

[分析]細(xì)節(jié)題。選項(xiàng)A、B、C在文章第五段中都可以找出來，“Feeney先生捐給自己的母?？的螤柎髮W(xué)6億多美元，數(shù)額超過了美國大學(xué)所有畢業(yè)生單獨(dú)捐款的數(shù)額。他還捐獻(xiàn)了幾億美元用于愛爾蘭、南非和澳大利亞的高等教育。他還資助了越南的衛(wèi)生保健。2004年他到了古巴，在那里會見了菲德爾·卡斯特羅，雖然卡斯特羅太高興了，卻不愿意接受資本家免稅得來的美元”。D選項(xiàng)，他援助了愛爾蘭和平進(jìn)程，但是文章指出他資助了愛爾蘭共和軍是沒有根據(jù)的。因此，D為正確答案。

5. It is difficult for Mr Feeney to give away all the money in his foundation in about ten years since_____5.Feeney先生要在十年內(nèi)將自己基金會所有的資產(chǎn)捐出有一定的難度，這是因?yàn)開____

[A] he has made too much investment elsewhere to take back the money.[A]他在其他地方投資太多，不能把錢收回來。

[B] the foundation’s assets are increasing too fast to be completely given away.[B]該基金會的資產(chǎn)增長過快，不能及時(shí)完全地捐出。

[C] he has trouble in finding reliable means to donate all the money.[C] 他在尋找可靠的途徑捐錢這方面碰到了問題。

[D] ten years is too long for him to give away all the money.[D]10年對于他來捐出所有的資產(chǎn)來說太長了。

[答案] B

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆

[分析]細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后一段提到他的投資能力不斷增加，基金會資產(chǎn)不斷增加，所以要把錢全部捐出去還是個(gè)困難。因此選項(xiàng)B是符合這個(gè)意思的。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān)，屬于無中生有。

參考譯文：

Chuck Feeney在生命的大部分時(shí)間里都竭盡全力保護(hù)自己的私人生活不受干擾。成為一個(gè)慈善家后，他在捐贈時(shí)提出的條件就是自己的名字不能出現(xiàn)在任何新聞稿或匾額上。如果違反了這種機(jī)密性，他的捐贈就會中止。但是當(dāng)他決定要和Conor O’clery合作寫本書時(shí)，他生命中的許多人都得以擺脫他們緘口的誓言，從而可以暢所欲言了。這個(gè)結(jié)果真是夠吸引人的。

Feeney先生是一位美籍愛爾蘭人，1931年出生在新澤西。他和別人共同創(chuàng)辦了免稅店而發(fā)了大財(cái)，該免稅店最開始是向那些在國外的美國士兵出售免稅商品。后來隨著旅游者的增多，業(yè)務(wù)也轉(zhuǎn)向了他們。1997年賣掉免稅店時(shí)，四個(gè)大股東得到了80億美元，而Feeney是最大的股東，他占有的份額為38.75%。

免稅只是Feeney先生慈善事業(yè)的另一面而已。他甚至對免稅上了癮。“Chuck憎恨稅收。他認(rèn)為人們用錢可以比政府辦更多的事情?！?他的一位朋友說。1964年，一位年輕的紐約律師Harvey Dale告訴Feeney先生稅收法的改革可能會威脅到他的生意，甚至可能會讓這些創(chuàng)辦者們鋃鐺入獄。在他的建議下，F(xiàn)eeney和他的合伙人Robert Miller將免稅店所有權(quán)移交給了他們分別出生在法國和厄瓜多爾的妻子。1974年，通過與美國政府的一項(xiàng)協(xié)議，公司將太平洋上的塞班島變成了一個(gè)免稅的地方。1978年，F(xiàn)eeney先生把自己各種投資都集合起來，包括他在免稅店的份額，然后投進(jìn)了一家在免稅的百慕大群島成立控股公司——大西洋有限公司。為了逃避美國的收稅員，所有公司都是以他妻子的名義注冊的。

Feeney先生小心地抹去了自己財(cái)產(chǎn)的所有表面證據(jù)。但是當(dāng)他確定免稅店已經(jīng)盈利的時(shí)候，他開始將自己稅前利潤的5%用于慈善事業(yè)。1982年他創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)基金會——大西洋慈善事業(yè)，總部設(shè)在百慕大。兩年后他將自己的財(cái)產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)到該基金會，只留了一些給妻子和孩子。他的凈資產(chǎn)從而降到了500萬美元以下。當(dāng)他告訴孩子們這個(gè)消息時(shí)，他給每個(gè)孩子都送上了一篇卡內(nèi)基1889年寫的關(guān)于財(cái)富的文章。

Feeney先生捐給自己的母?？的螤柎髮W(xué)的資助達(dá)6億多美元，數(shù)額超過了美國大學(xué)所有畢業(yè)生單獨(dú)捐款的數(shù)額。他還捐了幾億美元用于愛爾蘭、南非和澳大利亞的高等教育。此外他也資助了越南的衛(wèi)生保健事業(yè)。2004年他來到古巴，在那里會見了Fidel Castro，Castro非常高興地接受了Feeney先生通過免稅得來的美元。但是正是他對愛爾蘭和平運(yùn)動的援助，才導(dǎo)致了最大的爭議，人們指責(zé)他贊助了愛爾蘭共和軍(事實(shí)上毫無根據(jù))

Fenney先生在某一固定日期之前會把所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)投入其基金會(可能10年)，但是他的投資能力卻為這項(xiàng)任務(wù)增加了困難。目前“大西洋慈善”價(jià)值40億美元(而在2001年只有35億)這是在已經(jīng)累計(jì)捐出了40億美元之后的情況。Feeney目前面臨的問題是基金會財(cái)產(chǎn)增長的速度和他捐錢的速度幾乎是齊頭并進(jìn)的。