考博英語閱讀模擬練習(xí)題附詳細(xì)答案解析(4)

考博英語閱讀模擬練習(xí)題附詳細(xì)答案解析

考博英語閱讀理解題型想要獲得平日的練習(xí)必不可少，希賽網(wǎng)考博英語頻道為考博生們整理了考博英語閱讀理解模擬練習(xí)題，希望考博生們做題時注意時間，認(rèn)真對待，題后有詳細(xì)的答案解析，供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)。希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。

When timesget tough, people with an abundance of disposable income are inclined to keepdisposing of it while the rest of us are forced to keep our thinner wallets inour pockets. With that in mind, Tobias Levkovich, Citigroup's chiefUnited Statesequity strategist, has created the Living Large Index, comprising stocks ofbusinesses that cater to affluent consumers. Profits and share prices ofluxury-goods makers, higher-end retailers and travel and entertainmentcompanies should hold up even if businesses serving them suffer from difficulteconomic conditions, he said.

The indexis a new creation, but back-testing shows that building a portfolio fromits component stocks would have been a far more lucrative long-termstrategy than mimicking the Standard & Poor's 500-stock index. A $100investment in Living Large at the end of 1995 would have grown to $1,013 byOct. 31, compared with $252 for the S.& P. No wonder the logic behind theindex wins high marks from investment advisers. ''It certainly makes senseconceptually,'' said Charles L. Norton, manager of the Vice fund, which investsin companies like tobacco makers, gambling emporiums and purveyorsof alcohol. ''Usually in a recession, people at the lower end of the food chainare hurt most and so those catering to the luxury end tend to be relativelyinsulated.'' Mr. Norton holds one index constituent, Wynn, the owner of casinos,including one in Macaothat has become a popular destination for Asian gamblers. Asiais expected to be a source of tremendous growth for the gambling industry.

Ifcatering to well-heeled Americans is profitable, doing the same forwealthy people around the globe may be even more so. As economies develop, thenumber of rich people soars, and they have the same expensive tastes asAmericans do. ''The next big frontier for many of these luxury retailers isemerging countries, where growth is faster and the number of affluent people isgrowing even faster,'' said Andrew Peck, manager of the Baron Asset fund.'' Thereare opportunities ahead for them in markets likeChinaandIndia,where many new millionaires are being created every day.'' He expects Wynn andTiffany to benefit from those opportunities, along with a retailer not in Mr.Levkovich's index, Polo Ralph Lauren.

JohnBuckingham, chief investment officer of Al Frank Asset Management, recentlyrecommended Nordstrom and Callaway Golf. He cautioned against dependingon them and other Living Large stocks to hold their value if weakness persistsin the economy and stock market, however. Much of their sales come fromso-called aspirational buyers, those who hope to be affluent one day but arenot yet in that category. The already affluent can afford cruises and top-nameaccessories when times are tough; the would-be affluent cannot. He notedthat some of the index companies, notably Coach, Tiffany and Nordstrom,have recently reported earnings lower than analysts' estimates, a result of''aspirational buyers' slowing their purchases.

Mr. Peck'squibble is with the selection of companies from disparate industries tocreate an index that purports to track a single phenomenon. Their share pricesmay be driven by myriad factors other than the appeal of their products andservices to affluent consumers, he said. Still, the index ''makes intuitivesense to me, within reason,'' he said. ''As a result of gains on Wall Streetand a reduction of the top tax rate, the rich are getting richer. They aregoing to continue to be able to afford luxuries.''

1. When times get tough, rich people will probably_____

[A] keep an indifferent attitude towards whatever the change is.

[B] reduce their expenditure on luxury products but to a lesser degree than common people.

[C] tend to have their purchase power enhanced.

[D] have no change in their affluent spending.

2. The word “l(fā)ucrative” (Line 2 Paragraph 2) most probably means_____

[A] profitable.

[B] mature.

[C] reasonable.

[D] intuitive.

3. Towards the prospect of the Living Large Index, Charles L. Norton’s attitude can be said to be _____

[A] positive.

[B] negative.

[C] indifferent.

[D] unclear.

4. Which one of the following is NOT true of John Buckingham?

[A] He did not suggest people to buy Living Large stocks recently.

[B] He thought the Living Large Index could not be immune from the weak economy condition

[C] He thought would-be affluent would reduce their expenditure on luxury when times are tough

[D] He thought it was dangerous to buy Living Large stocks if economy continues to deteriorate

5. Of the Living Large Index, Mr. Peck’s opinion is _____

[A] that the index itself is intuitive rather than reasonable.

[B] that there exist certain problem in selecting the component companies.

[C] that the logic behind the index is not reasonable.

[D] that the index cannot reflect the share prices exactly.

文章剖析：

這篇文章介紹了股票新指數(shù)Living Large指數(shù)的情況。第一段講述Living Large 指數(shù)的基本情況;第二段講述投資該指數(shù)回報(bào)豐厚的原因;第三段講述一些奢侈品公司可以關(guān)注美國之外新興的富人需求;第四段講述John Buckingham對于該指數(shù)的意見;第五段講述Peck先生對于該指數(shù)的意見。

詞匯注釋：

portfolio n. 證券組合 lucrative adj. 有利的，有利潤的

emporium n. 商場，商業(yè)中心 purveyor n. 承辦商

casino n. 娛樂場 well-heeled adj. 富有的

quibb n. 吹毛求疵的意見

難句突破：

(1) With that in mind, Tobias Levkovich, Citigroup's chief United States equity strategist, has created the Living Large Index, comprising stocks of businesses that cater to affluent consumers.

[主體句式] With that mind, Tobias Levkovich has created the Living Large Index.

[結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個簡單句，Citigroup’s…是作為主語的同位語;comprising…現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)修飾前面the Living Large Index。

[句子譯文] 發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)后，花期銀行的美國首席資產(chǎn)策略師Tobias Levkovich發(fā)明了Living Large指數(shù)，該指數(shù)由專為富裕顧客提供的商品股票組成。

(2) He noted that some of the index companies, notably Coach, Tiffany and Nordstrom, have recently reported earnings lower than analysts' estimates, a result of ''aspirational buyers' slowing their purchases.

[主體句式] He noted that some have recently reported…

[結(jié)構(gòu)分析] 這是一個復(fù)合句，賓語從句中，notably Coach, Tiffany and Nordstrom是主語的同位語;該賓語從句中，a result of…是前面earnings lower than…的同位語。

[句子譯文] 他提到該指數(shù)的一些公司，特別是Coach, Tiffany和Nordstrom最近的收入比分析家預(yù)計(jì)的要少，這主要是因?yàn)椤翱释徺I者 ”的購買下降了。

題目分析：

1. When times get tough, rich people will probably_____1. 如果經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的話，富人可能會_____

[A] keep an indifferent attitude towards whatever the change is.[A] 無論發(fā)生任何變化都持無所謂的態(tài)度。

[B] reduce their expenditure on luxury products but to a lesser degree than common people.[B] 減少在奢侈物品上的支出，但減少的幅度比普通人要小。

[C] tend to have their purchase power enhanced.[C] 傾向于增強(qiáng)他們的購買力。

[D] have no change in their affluent spending.[D] 在消費(fèi)方面沒有改變。

[答案]D

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆☆

[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段提到，當(dāng)日子變得緊巴巴時，擁有大筆可支付收入的人傾向于繼續(xù)花錢。從文章的多處也可以看到，富人們在經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時并不會減少自己的消費(fèi)，仍然購買奢侈品。顯然選項(xiàng)B是錯誤的，而選項(xiàng)中D符合題意。A選項(xiàng)是錯誤的，因?yàn)槲恼聸]有具體說明富人們的態(tài)度問題。C選項(xiàng)也是一個干擾選項(xiàng)，人們的購買力不是買更多的東西就可以增強(qiáng)的，而是取決于各種因素，而文章并沒有提及這些因素。

2. The word “l(fā)ucrative” (Line 2 Paragraph 2) most probably means_____2. “l(fā)ucrative”(第二段第二行)最有可能的意思是_____

[A] profitable.[A] 可賺錢的。

[B] mature.[B] 成熟的。

[C] reasonable.[C] 合理的。

[D] intuitive.[D] 直覺的。

[答案]A

[難度系數(shù)] ☆

[分析] 猜詞題。根據(jù)上下文，“The index is a new creation, but back-testing shows that building a portfolio from its component stocks would have been a far more lucrative long-term strategy than mimicking the Standard & Poor's 500-stock index”(這個指數(shù)是個新發(fā)明，但后來的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明用其成分證券建立證券組合是個長期策略，要比模仿標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)更為有利)，也就是說，100美元投資于Living Large要比投資S.& P.回報(bào)更多，更能賺多的錢，因此，選項(xiàng)中A最為符合題意。

3. Towards the prospect of the Living Large Index, Charles L. Norton’s attitude can be said to be _____3. 對于Living Large指數(shù)，Charles L. Norton的態(tài)度可以說是_____

[A] positive.[A] 肯定的。

[B] negative.[B] 否定的。

[C] indifferent.[C] 無所謂的。

[D] unclear.[D] 不清楚的。

[答案]A

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆

[分析] 推理題。第二段提到了Charles L. Norton稱這樣的指數(shù)從理論上有一定的意義，而且前面提到投資顧問都為該指數(shù)的基本原理打了，而Charles的觀點(diǎn)可以看出是一個輔證。因此，Charles對該指數(shù)持肯定態(tài)度，正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。

4. Which one of the following is NOT true of John Buckingham?4. 關(guān)于John Buckingham, 下列哪個陳述是錯誤的?

[A] He did not suggest people to buy Living Large stocks recently.[A] 他建議人們最近不要購買Living Large股票。

[B] He thought the Living Large Index could not be immune from the weak economy condition.[B] 他認(rèn)為Living Large指數(shù)不能避免經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退狀況的影響。

[C] He thought would-be affluent would reduce their expenditure on luxury when times are tough.[C] 他認(rèn)為未來的富有者在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退時會減少在奢侈品方面的消費(fèi)。

[D] He thought it was dangerous to buy Living Large stocks if economy continues to deteriorate.[D]他認(rèn)為如果經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)惡化的話，購買Living Large股票是危險的。

[答案]A

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆

[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段中提到了John Buckingham的觀點(diǎn)，A, 第四段開頭就提到他最近推薦了Nordstrom和Callaway Golf的股票;B，他提到了如果經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣了，一些未來才能富有的人就會減少奢侈品上的消費(fèi)，該指數(shù)會受到影響;C，這點(diǎn)第四段提到了;D，第四段也提到了他認(rèn)為如果經(jīng)濟(jì)弱勢不該，那么靠這些股票來保值是有風(fēng)險的。因此，A選項(xiàng)的陳述是錯誤的，因而是正確答案。

5. Of the Living Large Index, Mr. Peck’s opinion is _____5. 對于Living Large指數(shù)，Peck先生的觀點(diǎn)為_____

[A] that the index itself is intuitive rather than reasonable.[A] 該指數(shù)是直覺意義上的，不是理性意義上的。

[B] that there exist certain problem in selecting the component companies.[B] 在選擇成分公司時存在一定的問題。

[C] that the logic behind the index is not reasonable.[C] 該指數(shù)的邏輯是不合理的。

[D] that the index cannot reflect the share prices exactly.[D] 該指數(shù)不能精確反映股票價格。

[答案] B

[難度系數(shù)] ☆☆☆

[分析] 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章最后一段提到了Peck先生的觀點(diǎn)，他對完全不同類的產(chǎn)業(yè)中選取了一些公司組成一個指出來監(jiān)察一種現(xiàn)象有一些意見，因此B選項(xiàng)是正確的。A選項(xiàng)，原文的意思應(yīng)該是Peck先生直覺上感到該指數(shù)是合理的。

參考譯文：

當(dāng)日子變得緊巴巴的時候，擁有大筆可支付收入的人們傾向于繼續(xù)花錢，而我們其他人就不得不勒緊腰帶了。發(fā)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)后，花期銀行的美國首席資產(chǎn)策略師Tobias Levkovich發(fā)明了Living Large指數(shù)，該指數(shù)由專為富裕顧客提供的商品股票組成。他稱即使受到經(jīng)濟(jì)情況的影響，奢侈品制造商、高端商品零售商旅游娛樂公司的利潤和股票價格應(yīng)該能支撐下去。

這個指數(shù)是個新發(fā)明，但后來的實(shí)驗(yàn)表明用該指數(shù)的成分證券建立的證券組合是個長期策略，要比模仿標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)更為有利。如果1995年將100美元投資于Living Large，到10月31日已經(jīng)增長到了1013美元，而投資S.& P.僅僅是252美元。因此，投資顧問為該指數(shù)的基本原理打了?！皬睦碚撋蟻碇v有一定的意義，”Vice基金主席Charles L. Norton這樣說，該基金投資于煙草制造商、博彩中心和酒類承辦商?！霸诮?jīng)濟(jì)衰退時，一般來說，食物鏈底端的人們受損最多，而供給富人的商品相對損失要小得多?！?Norton先生擁有一家該指數(shù)的組成證券——Wym, 這是一家賭場業(yè)主，包括在澳門的一家賭場，目前澳門已經(jīng)成為受亞洲博彩者歡迎的地方了。亞洲可望成為博彩業(yè)迅速發(fā)展的源頭。

如果說迎合富有的美國人可以獲得豐厚的利潤，那么對于全球的富人來說也是一樣。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，富人數(shù)量迅猛增加，他們和美國人一樣有著奢侈的品位。“對于許多奢侈品零售商來說，下一個大的前沿陣地就是新興崛起的，這些發(fā)展迅速，富人數(shù)量增長迅猛。”Baron資產(chǎn)基金經(jīng)理Andrew Peck說道。“像中國和印度這樣的里有的是機(jī)會，在那里每天都有百萬富翁誕生?！彼Ｍ鸚ym和Tiffany可以從這些機(jī)會中獲利，以及另一家不屬于Levkovich指數(shù)的零售商——Polo Ralph Lauren.

Al Frank資產(chǎn)管理的首席投資官John Buckingham最近推薦了Nordstrom和Callaway Golf。他認(rèn)為，如果經(jīng)濟(jì)和證券市場弱勢不變的話，依靠它們和其他Living Large證券來保值是有風(fēng)險的。它們大部分的銷售額來自所謂的渴望購買者，這些人希望今后某一天可以富有，但目前還不是這樣。已經(jīng)富有的人們有能力購買游艇以及品牌商品，但是如果經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣，那些將來的富有人群就不會再去購買這些商品了。他提到該指數(shù)的一些公司，特別是Coach, Tiffany和Nordstrom最近的收入比分析家預(yù)計(jì)的要少，這主要是因?yàn)椤翱释徺I者 ”的購買下降了。

Peck先生質(zhì)疑針對從完全不同類的產(chǎn)業(yè)中選取一些公司組成的一個指數(shù)，并由此監(jiān)督某一現(xiàn)象。他認(rèn)為這些證券的價格是由多種因素制約的，而不單單是因?yàn)槠洚a(chǎn)品、服務(wù)受到富有消費(fèi)者的親睞。但是，該指數(shù)“對我來說在直覺上是有道理的，”他這樣說，“隨著華爾街收入增加以及重要稅收的削減，富人們變得更加富有了。他們會一直有能力夠買奢侈品。”