考博英語(yǔ)詞匯易混詞辨析

考博英語(yǔ)詞匯易混詞辨析

希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)為廣大考生整理出考博英語(yǔ)詞匯易混詞辨析，供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)。希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。

1.adherence和 adhesion

這兩個(gè)詞都是“粘附的”意思。

adherence用于比喻的意思。例如：His adherence to the strict letter of the law.

adhesion是指物質(zhì)上的。

2. adjacent ，adjoining，和 contiguous

這些詞都有next to“緊挨”的意思。

adjacent “毗鄰的，鄰近的”，但它們可能并不相互直接接觸。

adjoining 和 contiguous 指相互接觸，通常之間有一個(gè)edge 或 boundary。

3.admission 和 admittance

它們都有“the act of entering”的意思。

但admission用于公共場(chǎng)合。

The price of admission to the gallery is ￡5.

admittance不指公共場(chǎng)合，一般指私人的住所。

4. adopted 和 adoptive

adopted“收養(yǎng)的，過(guò)繼的”

an adopted son (daughter)養(yǎng)子(女); my adopted country 我所入籍的; adopted words 外來(lái)語(yǔ)。

adoptive “收養(yǎng)的”，我們說(shuō) adoptive parents, 但很少說(shuō)adoptive child;

“采用的”，“假冒的” an adoptive courage 假充勇敢。

5.averse 和 adverse

adverse“不利的，反對(duì)的”，用于事，不用于人。adverse weather conditions; an adverse reaction.

averse “嫌惡的，反對(duì)的，不樂(lè)意的”，常和“to”一起使用，而且用否定形式。

6.advise 和advice

advise“勸告”(動(dòng)詞);advice “勸告”(名詞)。

7.affect 和 effect

affect“影響” vt.，它的第二個(gè)意思是“假裝”,Though she affected indifference, I knew she was really very upset.

effect n. “結(jié)果”，“效力”。vt. “產(chǎn)生”，“導(dǎo)致”，它比“to cause, to bring out” 更為正式。 His aim was to effect a radical change in the party structure.

8.all ready和 already

all ready 意思是“completely prepared”

already“已經(jīng)”。He had already had his lunch.

9.altogether 和all together

altogether (in total) “總共”

all together 意思是“in a group”。如：We put the sheep all together in one field. 這兩個(gè)詞還可以分開(kāi)。We put all the sheep together in one field.

10. allude和 elude

allude “暗指”，“暗示”，“(婉轉(zhuǎn))提到”。

elude (to avoid or escape) “閃避，躲避”。如:to elude sb.’s grasp 逃脫，沒(méi)有被逮住;to elude the law 規(guī)避法律。The meaning eludes me.那個(gè)意義我摸不透。

11.illusion和 delusion

illusion “幻覺(jué)，錯(cuò)覺(jué)” be under no illusion about sth. 對(duì)某事不存幻想。

delusion“欺騙，迷惑” He suffers from the delusion that he’s attractive to women. 他糊里糊涂地認(rèn)為自己對(duì)女人很有吸引力。

12.amended 和emend

amended (to alter or add to something) “訂正，改正”，“修正(議案等)” 。an amended bill 修正案;amend one’s ways 改過(guò)自新。

emend (to correct errors in) “校訂”。 emend the text of a book?？蹦硶?shū); He emended the typescript before sending it to the printers. 在交付印刷之前他校正文稿。

13.amicable和 amiable

這兩個(gè)詞都是指“友好的”意思。

amicable “友好的，親切的” 指行為或情景。The discussions were amicable, though businesslike. 討論雖然是商業(yè)形式,但也是友好的。

amiable “可愛(ài)的，和藹可親的” 多用于修飾人。Many people are afraid of him, though I found him to be perfectly amiable. 雖然我發(fā)現(xiàn)他特別和藹可親，但還是有很多人害怕他。

14.assent 和ascent

assent可用作 “agreement”“同意”或“agree”“同意”。

ascent n. “上升，晉升”。the ascent of mountain 登山。

15.avert 和avoid

avert “防止，避免”。

avoid “回避，逃避”。 avoid bad company 避免和壞人來(lái)往;I cannot avoid seeing him. 我不能不見(jiàn)他。

16.besides和 beside

besides意思是“in addition to”“加之，還有，另外”;而beside“在……旁邊”，“在……一側(cè)”。 Duncan is the tall man standing beside my father. 站在我爸爸旁邊的高個(gè)子男子是鄧肯。

17.coherence 和cohesion

coherence “統(tǒng)一，一致性”;cohesion “結(jié)合力，團(tuán)結(jié)”。the cohesion of molecules 分子的結(jié)合力。

18. compare with 和compare to

compare with “和……比起來(lái)”

compare to “好比”。 He compared the moon to a silver plate. 他把月亮比成一個(gè)大銀盤(pán)。

19.impel和 compel

impel “推動(dòng)，驅(qū)使，激勵(lì)”。impel sb. to do sth. 激勵(lì)某人做某事;

compel “強(qiáng)迫，脅迫，迫使”。compel sb. to one’s will 強(qiáng)迫人服從自己。

20.complement和 compliment

complement “補(bǔ)足(物)，補(bǔ)全”，“補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”。

compliment “恭維話，贊辭，敬意”; Your presence is a great compliment.承蒙光臨，不勝榮幸。

21.confident 和confidant

confident “深信，確信，自信”。

confidant “心腹朋友”。 She has no close confidant to whom she can turn for advice or help. 她沒(méi)有知心朋友來(lái)幫助或是勸告她。

22.continual 和continuous

continual “連續(xù)，繼續(xù)”;“頻繁的”;continual bouts of toothache一陣接一陣的牙痛。(這中間可能有停頓或間斷。)

continuous “連續(xù)”(指從不間斷的); We’ve had three weeks of continuous rain. 我們這里連續(xù)三周下雨不停。

23.might 和could

might 表明“possibility”。

could 用來(lái)表明“permission”. Mum said we could (might) go to the football match.

24.council 和counsel

council “議事機(jī)構(gòu)”，委員會(huì); a cabinet council 內(nèi)閣會(huì)議。

counsel “商議，勸告”;follow sb.’s counsel close 牢記某人忠告。

25.creditable 和 credible

creditable “聲譽(yù)好的，可稱(chēng)許(贊揚(yáng))的”;credible“可信的，可靠的” He’s the only one without a credible alibi (辯解，托辭)。他是一個(gè)沒(méi)有可信托辭的人。

26.decisive和decided

decisive “果斷的，斷然的”; decisive measures 斷然的措施。

decided “明確的，無(wú)疑的”;a decided success 明顯的成功。

27.defective和deficient

defective (having a fault or flaw) “有缺陷的”。

deficient (lacking in what is needed) “不足的”; be deficient in 欠缺。

28.definite和definitive

definite (certain or clear, not vague) “明確的，一定的”。

definitive (authoritative, that cannot be improved)“限定的，決定性的，最后的”; definitive host 宿主;definitive organs 定形器官; definitive sentence 最后判決。

29.dependant和dependent

dependant n. (one who depends on another for support) 受贍養(yǎng)者。

dependent adj. “依靠的，依賴(lài)的”; He’s still dependent on state benefit. The rate of relief is dependent on one’s income.

30.discreet 和 discrete

discreet “考慮周到的，慎重的”。

discrete“分離的，分裂的”;On closer examination, we find that the pattern is formed from thousands of discrete dots of colours.

31.distinctive 和 distinct

distinctive “有特色的”，“獨(dú)特的”;

distinct “清楚的，明顯的”; a distinct smell of alcohol on his breath; the distinctive stripes of the zebra.

32.dual和duel

dual “二重的”;dual personality 雙重人格;dual control 雙重管轄;

duel “決斗，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”;fight a duel with sb. 與某人決斗;challenge sb. to a duel 向某人提出決斗;a duel of wits 斗智

33.eatable和edible

eatable a. “可食用的，可吃的”;n. [pl.] “食物、食品”。

edible a. “適合食用的，可以吃的”;n. [pl.] “食品”。

在指吃的時(shí)候二者可通用：The toast was burnt and barely eatable/edible. 但在其他情況下不一樣。If something is eatable, it may be eaten (though it may not be safe or desirable to do so); but, if something is edible it is safe to eat.

34.economical和economic

economic “經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的” an economic survey of Scotland 蘇格蘭經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)查;an economic blockade 經(jīng)濟(jì)封鎖;economical “節(jié)儉的，經(jīng)濟(jì)的”;He’s had to learn to be more economical now that his only income is a small pension.

35.evoke和invoke

evoke “喚起，引起”;evoke admiration 引起羨慕。

invoke “祈求(神靈)保佑，乞靈于”，行使(法權(quán));The shaman invokes the spirits of their ancestors. If our case fails in the national courts we will invoke the European Declaration on Human Rights.

36.fatal和fateful

fatal “causing death or disaster” “致命的”; a fatal disease 不治之癥; a fatal wound 致命傷。

fateful “crucial, significant, deciding one’s fate” “重大的”，“決定性的，決定命運(yùn)的”; On that one fateful day in October, millions of pounds were wiped off the value of shares.

37.fictional和fictitious

fictional “虛構(gòu)的，小說(shuō)的”。

fictitious “虛構(gòu)的，編造的”(denotes something that is not real and has been created with the intention of deceiving others); He gave the police a fictitious name.

38.historical和historic

historical “有關(guān)歷史的”，“歷史的”, the historical period 歷史階段;historical personage 歷史人物。

historic “歷史上有名的，有歷史意義的”, historic town 歷史名城。

39.impassable和impassible

impassable “不能通行的”，“不可逾越的”;an impassable swamp 不能通行的沼澤地。

impassible “不感疼痛的;無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的” ; an impassible God 無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的神。

40.infer 和imply

infer “猜想，臆測(cè)”，“推斷”;infer a motive from an effect 從效果推知?jiǎng)訖C(jī)。

imply “含有……的意思”; Do you realize what his words imply? 你領(lǐng)會(huì)他說(shuō)話的含意嗎? I do not imply that you are wrong. 我的意思不是說(shuō)你錯(cuò)了。

41.impractical和impracticable

impractical (not sensible or efficient or not actually possible)“不切實(shí)際的，不現(xiàn)實(shí)的”。

impracticable (not able to be done or used) “不能實(shí)行的，行不通的”;With a river on one side and a steep drop on the other, it is impracticable to widen the road.

42.incredible和incredulous

incredible“不可相信的，難以置信的”; incredible energy 驚人的能量，精力。

incredulous“不相信的，表示懷疑的”;be incredulous of hearsay 不相信道聽(tīng)途說(shuō); an incredulous look 懷疑的目光。

43.ingenious和ingenuous

ingenious “機(jī)靈的”; an ingenious mind 機(jī)靈的頭腦; an ingenious machine 精巧的機(jī)器。

ingenuous “直率的，坦白的”。

44.intense和intensive

intense “激烈的，強(qiáng)烈的”，“緊張的” an intense light 強(qiáng)烈的燈光; intense heat 酷熱;an intense life 奮發(fā)圖強(qiáng)的生活。

intensive “加強(qiáng)的，集中的”; “深入細(xì)致的，徹底的”; an intensive bombardment 密集炮擊; an intensive study 徹底的研究; an intensive reading 精讀 (opp. extensive reading 泛讀)。

45.junction和juncture

junction“接合，連接”，“(河流的)匯合處”; make a junction 取得聯(lián)絡(luò)，連接起來(lái) junction box 接線盒。

juncture (a particular point in time or in a sequence of events) “接合，連接”，“時(shí)機(jī)，關(guān)頭”; an important juncture in a man’s career 人生歷程中的重要關(guān)頭; at this juncture 在這個(gè)時(shí)候;in the present critical juncture of things 在目前這一危急關(guān)頭下。

46.apt和prone

它們都具有“tending to or in the habit of”的意思，但是 prone 只用于人。 Elderly people are prone to falls, often because of arthritic joints or dizziness.

47.loose和lose

loose “松的，寬的”。

lose “丟失”; lose one’s balance 失去平衡，跌倒;lose one’s head 被搞糊涂。

48.luxuriant和luxurious

luxuriant (growing strongly or vigorously; abundant, prolific)“繁茂的;多產(chǎn)的;豐富的”;His luxuriant beard was red.

luxurious “豪華的，奢侈的”; a luxurious table 奢侈的飯菜。

49.magical和magic

它們都和magic有關(guān)系，但是magical 也有“wonderful, entrancing”的意思。

50.masterly和masterful

masterly (showing great skill or the skill of a master) “熟練的;名家的”。

masterful (showing power or authority) “主人派頭的，專(zhuān)橫的”; You’re so strong and masterful.

51.obsolete和obsolescent

obsolete(no longer in use or already out of date) “已廢棄的，已不用的”; an obsolete vessel 廢艦; an obsolete word 已廢的詞。

obsolescent (going out of use or becoming out of date) “逐漸被廢棄的，快要不用的”; Do you think that faxes are obsolescent?

52. officious和official

officious“愛(ài)管閑事的”，“非正式的”; an officious statement 非正式聲明。

official “的”，“公務(wù)上的”; an official gazette 通報(bào);an official letter 公函,公文;an official record 正式記錄

53.peaceable和peaceful

peaceable (peaceloving, mild, placid, not inclined to quarrel or fight or existing in peace)“平和的”;“溫和的”;“溫順的”。

peaceful “和平的，太平的”;“寧?kù)o的”;“愛(ài)好和平的”; a peaceful night’s sleep ; peaceful coexistence 和平共處; peaceful uses of atomic energy 原子能的和平應(yīng)用。