醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯：影像X射線(xiàn)類(lèi)

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯：影像X射線(xiàn)類(lèi)

希賽網(wǎng)考博英語(yǔ)為廣大考生整理出醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯，供大家參考學(xué)習(xí)。醫(yī)學(xué)考博生們，先從最基礎(chǔ)的考博英語(yǔ)詞匯開(kāi)始，一起來(lái)每天跟著復(fù)習(xí)吧。希望能為大家在考博中提供到幫助。

一、肺 Lung

清晰 clear

肺門(mén)陰影增大 enlargement of hilar shadows

肺紋理增粗 increase of lung markings

鈣化灶 calcified

空洞 cavitation

球形病灶 circular lesion (coin lesion)

小塊陰影區(qū) a minimal area of density

散狀的點(diǎn)(片)狀陰影 scattered spot (plaque-like) shadows

邊界不清的片狀陰影 a poorly defined patchy density

圓形致密影 a round density

胸膜增厚 pleural thickening

肋膈角模糊(變鈍、消失)haziness (blunting, obliteration) of the costophrenic angle

橫膈抬高、活動(dòng)受限 elevation of diaphragm with limitation of movement

包裹性胸腔積液 encapsulated pleural effusion

液氣胸 hydropneumothorax

縱膈移位 mediastinal displacement

肺門(mén)模糊 hilar haze

肺門(mén)密度增高 increase of pulmonary hilar density

肺淤血(栓塞) pulmonary venous stasis (infarction)

陰影性狀 shadow

淡的 haziness

云霧狀 clouding

線(xiàn)裝 streaky

絮狀 patcky

結(jié)節(jié)狀 nodular

塊狀 massive

粟粒狀 miliary

融合狀 confluent

均勻的 homogeneous

二、心臟 Heart

左(右)房(室)增大 left (right) atrial (ventricular) enlargement

主動(dòng)脈屈曲延長(zhǎng) a tortuous and prolonged aorta

主動(dòng)脈型(二尖瓣型)心臟 “aortic type”(“mitral valve”) heart

肺動(dòng)脈段突出 bulging pulmonary artery segment

肺動(dòng)脈擴(kuò)張 a dilatation of the pulmonary artery

心影普遍增大 general enlargement of the heart shadow

左(右)心室增大 left(right) ventricular enlargement

左(右)心房增大 left(right) atrial dilatation

靴形心臟 boot-shaped heart

主動(dòng)脈鈣化　calcification of aorta

心腰部 waist of heart

垂位(狹長(zhǎng)形;無(wú)力形;橫位;斜位)心 vertical (slender; asthenic; horizontal; oblique) heart

三、腹部平片 KUB film

結(jié)石 calculus

鈣化影 calcified shadow

階梯型液平 fluid levels with stepladder pattern

液氣平面 gas-fluid level

膈下游離氣體 subphrenic free air

四、胃腸道鋇劑檢查 barium enema examination

胃腸造影 gastroenterography

雙重對(duì)比造影 double contrast radiography

食管蠕動(dòng)征 esophageal peristalsis sign

十二指腸曲(壓跡)duodenal flexure(impression)

小腸黏膜皺襞影 mucosal fold shadow of small intestine

結(jié)腸蠕動(dòng)與排空征 peristalsis and empting signs of colon

胃排空時(shí)間延長(zhǎng) delayed gastric emptying time

胃空腹潴留液 fasting retention of stomach

充盈缺損 filling defect

黏膜皺襞消失 disappearance of the mucosal folds

張力減低(增高)hypotonicity (hypertonicity)

球部激惹現(xiàn)象 irritable cap

蠕動(dòng)增強(qiáng) vigorous peristaltic activity (hyperperistalsis)

蠕動(dòng)減弱 bradydiastalsis

蠕動(dòng)消失 aperistalsis

排空加快(減緩) accelerated(reduced) evacuation

跳躍現(xiàn)象 skipping phenomenon

黏膜增寬和迂曲 broadened and tortuous mucosal fold

黏膜皺襞平坦 flat mucosal fold

五、膽道 bile tract

口服膽囊造影 oral cholecystography

靜脈膽管膽囊造影 intravenous cholecysto-cholangiography

經(jīng)T形管膽囊造影 trans-T-tube cholecystography

經(jīng)皮肝穿刺膽管造影 percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC)

膽總管擴(kuò)張dilated common duct

膽囊濃縮功能良好 gallbladder concentrated satisfactorily

膽囊顯影不好，濃縮功能差 gallbladder with faint shadow, concentrated inadequately

收縮功能 contractibility

六、骨骼skeleton

骨皮質(zhì)增厚 cortical thickening of bone

洋蔥皮樣改變 “onion skin” appearance

骨膜反應(yīng) periosteal reaction

骨質(zhì)疏松 osteoporosis (rarefaction)

骨化 ossification

畸形 deformity

縮短 shortening

移位 displacement

脫位 luxation

半脫位 subluxation

連接不正 malunion

青枝骨折 greenstick fracture

多發(fā)性骨折 multiple fracture

病理性骨折 pathological fracture

關(guān)節(jié)間隙 joint space

椎間隙 intervertebral space

肋軟骨鈣化影 calcification shadow of costal cartilage

骨質(zhì)軟化osteomalacia (osteomalacosis)

骨質(zhì)增生硬化 hyperostosis osteosclerosis

死骨 sequestrum

骨質(zhì)壞死 bone necrosis

關(guān)節(jié)腫脹(破壞;退行)swelling (destruction; degeneration) of joint

關(guān)節(jié)強(qiáng)直 ankyloses

骨骺分離 epiphyseal separation

對(duì)線(xiàn)良好 good alignment

對(duì)位良好 good apposition

七、泌尿系統(tǒng) urological system

靜脈腎盂造影 intravenous pyelography (IVP)

逆行腎盂造影 retrograde pyelography

萎縮 atrophy

移位 deformity

扭曲 distortion

充盈缺損 filling defect

狹窄 stricture

不透光的(透光的)結(jié)石 opaque(translucent) stone

八、X線(xiàn)檢查位置

前后位 anteroposterior projection

后前位 postero-anterior(PA) projection

側(cè)位 lateral projection

立位 upright position

斜位 oblique projection

右(左)前斜位 right(left) anterior oblique(RAO/LAO) projection

前后斜位 anteroposterior oblique projection

前凸位 lordotic position projection

軸位 axial position

頭位 cranial projection

尾位 caudal projection

醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)專(zhuān)業(yè)詞匯匯總