2014年四川大學考博英語真題10

Translation A

The impact of decentralization trends,of course,extends well beyond cities.Sprawling development patterns are destabilizing many of the suburbs that surround cities in this country.Older suburbs are experiencing the same challenges as cities:

failing schools,persistent crime,and the loss of jobs and businesses to other,further out suburbs.Even suburban areas that are developing rapidly are finding that explosive growth has its drawbacks,especially in the form.of overcrowded schools,but also in long commutes and the inability of local governments to pay for new roads,sewers,and other infrastructure.

In the wake of decentralizing economies,central cities remain the residence of"choice"for low-and moderate-income families.While poverty has declined in central cities,urban poverty rates are still twice as high as suburban poverty rates,18.8 percent as against 9.0 percent in 2011 Cities and older suburbs are also.

disproportionately home to families whose earnings are above the poverty level,but below median income(national median income is$37,000 a yeas and 200 percent of the poverty for a family of three is$27,000 a year).

The implications of concentrated poverty are severe.People in these neighborhoods often face a triple whammy:poor schools,weak job information networks,and scarce jobs.They are more likely to live in female-headed households and have less formal educations than residents of other neighborhoods.

【參考譯文】

當然，權力下放趨勢的影響遠遠超出了城市。龐大的發(fā)展模式正在破壞這個城市周邊許多郊區(qū)的穩(wěn)定。老的郊區(qū)正經(jīng)歷著與城市同樣的挑戰(zhàn)：

糟糕的學校、持續(xù)不斷的犯罪、工作崗位和企業(yè)流失到其他更偏遠的郊區(qū)。即使是發(fā)展迅速的郊區(qū)也發(fā)現(xiàn)，爆炸性增長也有其弊端，尤其是形式。學校人滿為患，通勤時間長，地方政府無力支付修建新公路、下水道和其他基礎設施的費用。

在經(jīng)濟分權之后，中央城市仍然是低收入和中等收入家庭的“選擇”居住地。盡管中部城市的貧困率有所下降，但城市貧困率仍是郊區(qū)貧困率的兩倍，為18.8%，高于2011年的9.0%。

家庭收入高于貧困水平，但低于中等收入水平(國民平均收入為每年3.7萬美元，三口之家的貧困人口的200%為每年2.7萬美元)。

集中貧困的影響是嚴重的。這些社區(qū)的人們往往面臨三重打擊：學校條件差，就業(yè)信息網(wǎng)絡薄弱，就業(yè)機會稀缺。與其他社區(qū)居民相比，她們更可能生活在女性主導的家庭中，接受的正規(guī)教育也更少。

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