2013年河南學位英語真題（閱讀理解）

Part II Reading Comprehension(40 points, 40 minutes)

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, c and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding ltter on the answer sheet wih a single line through the center.

Questions 31 to 35 are based on the fllowing passage:

People and the sources of air plluion are found in the same places.This means that cities with large populations have the biggest problem of dirty air. Air pollution is caused by many dfferent things. A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes from cars. Statistics show that 93 percent of all auto trips are within cities. Another major source of dity air is the burning of coal and oil for energy. This energy is needed to make electricity. Of course, much more electricity is used in the city than in the country.

On the average, we throw away more trash and garbage than the previous year. The burming of garbage contributes to air pollution. Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in and around cities.The fumes from iron, steel, chemical,and petroleum production add particles to the air.

The effects of air pollution range from mild headaches to death. The levels of pollution found in heavy for taff may cause headaches for loss of clear vision. Wherever coal and oil are used for fuel, fumnes may kill trees and plants and cause metal to corrode. In some of the larger cities,these fumes endanger the live of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early death.

Therefore, it's high time to stop making our living places unsuitable to live and kllig ourselves.

31.The key point of the passage is that_____.

A. the cause of air pollution is people

B. the causes and the effects of air pollution are both found in cities

C. the efects of air pollution range from headaches to death

D. air pllution is caused by dity air

32. What is the purpose of this passage?______

A. To persuade people to stop plluting the air.

B. To tell the causes of air pollution.

C. To tell why cities are bad places to live.

D. To describe why cities are bad places to live.

33.What is the main cause of more serious air pollution in the city than in the country?

A. There are larger populations in cities.

B. The air in the city is dirty.

C. There are more cars in the city.

D. There are much more gas fumes from cars and burming of coal

and oil for energy in the city than in the country.

34. The fumes from coal and oil may cause metal______

A. to turn black

B. to corrode

C. to become new

D. to disappear .

35.The fumes from coal and oil may cause problems for people in diferent ways EXCEPT that_____

A. they may cause mild headaches

B. they may cause problems with people's sight

C. they may cause lung diseases

D. they may lead to immediate deaths

Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

In cities with rent control,the city govermment sets the maximum(較高的)rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment.Supporters of rentcontrol argue that it protects people who are living in apartments.Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes.However, the critics say that after a long time,rent control may have negative(負面的)ffects.Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits.Therefore,they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits.They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-cotolled.As a result, new apartments are not built.Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics,the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.

Some theorists argue that the minimum(最低的)wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers.The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled,low-paying jobs.However,if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers.They will replace workers with machinery.The price, which is the wage that employers must pay,increases.Therefore,other things being equal,the number of workers that employers want decreases.Thus, critics claim that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.

Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity (尊嚴).Because of the law,workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore,employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.

Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production,rent control,and the minimum wage.The predictions may be corret only if"other things are equal".Economists do not agree on some of the preditions.They also do not agree on the value of diferent decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.Economists do agree,however,that there are no simple answers to economic questions.

36.There is the pssibiliti that stting maximum rent may____.

A.cause a shortage of apartments

B.worry those who rent apartments as homes

C.increase the profits of landlords

D.encourage landlords to invest in building apartments

37.According to the crtics,rent control______.

A.will always benefit those who rent apartments

B.is unecessary

C.will bring negative efects in the long run

D.is necessary under all circumstances

38.The problem of unemployment will arise_____.

A.if the minimum wage is set too high

B.if the maximum wage is set too low

C.if the workers are unskilled

D.if the maximum wage is set

39.The passage tells us______.

A.the relationship between supply and demand

3.the possible results of government controls

C.the necessity of goverment control

D.the urgency of getting rid of government controls

40.Which of the fllowing statements is NOT true?

A.The results of economic decisions cannot always be predicted.

B.Minimum wage cannot always protect employees.

C.Economic theory may predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.

D.Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.

Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:

It is recently estimated that the book industry is trying to get a good read on its future. These days,instead of turning paper pages,many readers reach for handheld devices.These electronic readers not only store books to show on a screen, they can also read them out loud.readers reach for handheld devices.These electronic readers not only store books to show on a screen,they can also read them out loud.

Last week,Amazon lowered the price of its Kindle reader by 60 dollars to just under 300 dollars.The device can download books wirelessly from a store on Amazon's Web site.Most new releases and bestsellers cost 9 dollars and 99 cents.Newspapers, magazines and other services are available for a montly charge.Buyers of e-books get a good deal:Traditional hardcover books often cost around 25 dollars.But What about book publishers and writers? Their concerns about profits are like the ones voiced as the Internet began to change the music industry.Many e-books are already slling for 99 cents.

Books printed on paper are easily shared and resold by anyone.But e-books can act more like computer software licensed only to the user who buys them.

And some Kindle users got a shock last week. They were surprised to find that copies of two books disappeared from their devices.These were 99 cent versions of George Orwell's 1984 and Animal Farm.Bloggers have had fun pointing out that 1984 is largely about censorship (審查制度)-the suppression of information in a society led by Big Brother.Amazon explained that it did not have the rights to the books,so it erased them and retumned the people's money.

This week, Barnes & Noble, the world's largest booseller, launched what it clls the world's largest e-bookstore.People can read the books on the Apple iPhone and other handheld devices and personal compuers.They can also download over a half million books available free from Google. The Internet search company is putting books online that are no longer protected by copyright.

But last October,Google reached a 125 million dollar legal settlement to also make parts of some copyrighted books available.That deal with two groups of writers and publishers has raised competition(競爭)issues.The Justice Department is now investigating.Also,the European Union plans hearings in September on how European writers might be ffected.

41.What does the author mean by saying“... the book industry is trying to get a good read on its future" in the first paragraph?

A.It is trying to change its direction.

B.It wants to know where its future lies.

C.It wants to know what will the readers like in the future.

D.It's trying to print more readable books in the future.

42.The reasons why many readers prefer handheld devices to paper books are as fllows except______

A.they can show books on a screen

B.there is no need for people to turm pages

C.paper books are not as portable as e-books

D.they can read books out

43.More and more readers prefer the e-books to the traditional books in that____.

A.they are licensed only to the user who buys them

B.copies of some books may disappear from their devices because of their no rights to the books

C.they are easily shared and resold by anyone

D.they cost less to download books from the Internet than to buy traditional books

44.Who may protest (抗議) against the issue of downloading books free from the Internet?

A.The Justice Department and the European Union.

B.Google and Barnes & Noble.

C.Publishers and writers.

D.Kindle users and bosellrse.

45.We can conclude from the passage that_____.

A.some Kindle users got shocked in that they had no rights to download some books

B.the Internet search company put books online that are protected by copyright

C.the European Union shows concerns about copyrighted books

D.the sales of e-books at a lower price do harm to the profits of publishers and writers

Questions 45 to 50 are based on the fllowing passage:

A recent study, published in last Medical Association,offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver.Indeed,a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone.By contrast,the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.

The author also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically ater 10 p.m,and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.

Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Researh Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with“really stupid behavior”than with just a lack of driving experience. "The basic issue," he says, “is that adults who are responsible for ising licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is."

Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate(使緩解) the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process.A graduated license requires that a tenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult,followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions， before graduating to full driving privileges.

Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes,according to recent studies.About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers. Califormia is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20 (without the presence of an adult over 25) for the first six months.

46.Which of the fllowing situations is most dangerous according to the passage?_____

A.Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.

B.Ateenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.

C.Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at

D.A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.

47.According to Robert Foss, the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to_____

A.their frequent driving at night

B.their improper way of driving

C.their lack of driving experience

D.their driving with passengers

48.According to Paragraph 3, which of the fllowing statements is TRUE?_____

A.Teenagers should spend more time learmning to drive.

B.Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.

C.Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.

D.The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers'driving accidents.

49.A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that_____.

A.driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule

B.they should be prohibited from taking on passengers

C.they should not be alwed to drive afer 10 p.m.

D.the licensing systern should be improved

50,The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system.______

A.is under discussion

B.is about to be set up

C.has been put into effect

D.has been perfected

答案：Part II Reading Comprehension(31-50題，每題2分，共40分)

31-35: AADBD

36-40: ACABD

41-45: BBDCB

46-50; BCDDC