摘要:PETS-3常見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)之反義疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu),更多關(guān)于PET-3的問(wèn)題,請(qǐng)關(guān)注希賽網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)考試頻道。
結(jié)構(gòu)一:肯定的陳述句 + 否定的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句?
It's Monday today, isn't it? 今天星期一,是嗎?
He often goes to school by bike, doesn't he? 他常常騎自行車(chē)上學(xué),對(duì)嗎?
They went to the park yesterday, didn't they? 他們昨天去的公園,是嗎?
用法說(shuō)明:前面陳述部分是肯定形式,后面簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句用否定形式。簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句的主謂部分通常由陳述部分的主謂語(yǔ)來(lái)決定,即人稱(chēng)一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致。
對(duì)于反意疑問(wèn)句的回答,總的一個(gè)原則是:不管問(wèn)題的提法如何,只要事實(shí)上是肯定的,就用 yes 回答,事實(shí)上是否定的,就用 no回答。但當(dāng)陳述部分是否定句時(shí),回答譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)不一樣。這與漢語(yǔ)截然不同,應(yīng)特別注意。如:
—You don't want to go out, do you? 你不想出去,對(duì)吧?
—Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 不,我想出去。/ 對(duì),我不想出去。
結(jié)構(gòu)二:否定的陳述句 + 肯定定的簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句?
That isn't your book, is it? 那不是你的書(shū),是嗎?
Jim doesn't speak French, does he? 吉姆不會(huì)說(shuō)法語(yǔ),對(duì)嗎?
用法說(shuō)明:當(dāng)陳述部分有 hardly, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等否定詞時(shí),疑問(wèn)部分要用肯定形式。如:
He never said she would come, did he? 他從來(lái)沒(méi)說(shuō)她會(huì)來(lái),是嗎?
Nobody can answer the question, can they? 沒(méi)有人能回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題,是嗎?
Few people know about it, do they? 幾乎沒(méi)有人知道有關(guān)這件事情,是嗎?
You have never seen the film, have you? 你從來(lái)沒(méi)看過(guò)這部電影,是嗎?
Neither you nor I can work it out, can we? 你我都不能算出它,對(duì)嗎?
結(jié)構(gòu)三:祈使句+ 簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句?
Stop talking, will you? 停止講話(huà),好嗎?
Pass me the pen, will you / won't you? 把這支鋼筆傳給我,好嗎?
Don't be late again, will you? 不要再遲到了,行嗎?
Let us help you, will you? 讓我們幫助你,好嗎?
Let's have a rest, shall we? 咱們休息一會(huì)兒,行嗎?
用法說(shuō)明:
1. 祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句,若前面是否定結(jié)構(gòu),則附加問(wèn)句只能用 will you。若前面是肯定結(jié)構(gòu),附加問(wèn)句用 will you,也可用 won't / would / can / can't you 或 shall we 等,它形式上是反意疑問(wèn)句,但并不表示正式的疑問(wèn)句,也不表示反意,而是表示邀請(qǐng)或表示請(qǐng)求。如:
Close all the windows, will you / won't you? 把所有的窗戶(hù)都關(guān)上,好嗎?
Don't go to the park by bus, will you? 別乘公共汽車(chē)去公園,好嗎?
2. let's 用于提出建議并包括對(duì)方時(shí),其附加問(wèn)句用 shall we。let us 表示征求對(duì)方許可,其附加問(wèn)句用 will you。let + 第三人稱(chēng)時(shí),其附加問(wèn)句用 will you。這種反意疑問(wèn)句往往用來(lái)表示進(jìn)一步征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn),使口氣變得客氣、委婉一些。如:
Let's go to see the pandas, shall we? 咱們首先去看熊貓,好嗎?
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