2007年江蘇專轉(zhuǎn)本（英語）真題試卷

一、1.

1.Under proper conditions, sound waves will be reflected from a hillside or other such obstruction. Sound travels at the rate of about one-fifth of a mile per second. If the hill is eleven hundred feet away, it takes two seconds for the sound to travel to the hill and back. Thus, by timing the interval between a sound and its reflection (the echo) , you can estimate the distance to an obstruction.
  During World War II the British used a practical application of this principle to detect German planes on their way to bomb London long before the enemy was near the target. They used radio waves instead of sound waves, since radio waves can penetrate fog and clouds. The outnumbered Royal Air Force(RAF) always seemed to the puzzled Germans to by lying in wait at the right time and never to be surprised. It was radio echoes more than anything else that won the Battle of Britain.
  Since the radio waves were used to tell the direction in which to send the RAF planes and the distance to send them (their rage of flight, in other words) , the device was called "radio directing and ranging" , and from the initials the word "radar" was coined.

Sound waves reflected from a hill can be used to estimate the______.

A．height of the hill
B．speed of sound
C．distance to the hill
D．intensity of sound

2.
Practical application of this principle resulted in______.

A．new electronic instruments for planes
B．a(chǎn) radio directing and ranging device
C．new radio sets for RAF bombers
D．a(chǎn)n electronic detecting device

3.
Radar enabled the English to______.

A．detect German planes on their way to London
B．direct the outnumbered RAF planes effectively
C．confuse German bomber pilots
D．both A and B

4.
It can be inferred from the passage that______.

A．light waves could be used in a device similar to radar
B．radar was a practical application of a well-known principle
C．radar gready increased the effectiveness of the Royal Air Force
D．sound waves are reflected from a hillside under all conditions

5.
The author of this passage probably intended to explain ,______.

A．exactly how radar works
B．why the British used radio waves in their device
C．how radar(word and device)came to be
D．how radar helped the British win the Battle of Britain

7.In general, the ancient Romans were a practical people. They cared less about philosophy and pure mathematics than the Greeks did. The Romans were the best of the ancient engineers and architects. They were brilliant students of Greek geometry and trigonometry (三角學(xué)) , and they applied their knowledge to the construction of fine bridges, roads, aqueducts(渠道) , and public buildings.
  They knew about the smelting of iron ore, but they used the iron they produced mainly for spears, swords, and shields, rather than for building construction.
  While the Romans accomplished practical wonders, they did very little theoretical scientific thinking. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar.
  There are two reasons for the Roman neglect of philosophy and pure mathematics. First, they were apparently too busy conquering nearby nations and forming them into a rapidly growing empire to waste much time on abstract thinking. Secondly, they were handicapped (妨礙) by the rigidity of their numerical system. (Try to multiply XI by LVII or to divide CXLIII by IX; it simply cannot be done with pencil and paper. ) The Romans did all of their arithmetic on an abacus, the ancient counterpart of the modern computing machine. Their number system discouraged the study of pure mathematics.

The author calls the Romans "practical" because they______.

A．cared little about philosophy
B．a(chǎn)pplied their knowledge to construction
C．saw the necessity for developing theoretical science
D．studied the past and learned from it

8.
The ancient Romans did not concern themselves with______.

A．theoretical or abstract thought
B．a(chǎn)pplied mathematics
C．studying
D．either A or C

9.
In construction, the Romans made extensive use of______.

A．iron ore
B．geometry and trigonometry
C．Greek mathematical thought
D．both B and C

10.
Many Roman inventions were based on Greek weapons because the______.

A．Greeks had superior weapons
B．Romans were involved in frequent wars
C．Romans were familiar with many types of weapons
D．Greeks proved themselves inspired inventors

11.
The author of this passage probably wanted to explain why______.

A．he considered the Romans a practical people
B．Roman architects and engineers were the best in ancient times
C．theoretical thinking is necessary for the growth of a nation
D．the Romans contributed little to philosophical thought

13.Professor Barry Wellman of the University of Toronto in Canada has invented a term to describe the way many north Americans interact these days. The term is " networked individualism". This concept is not easy to understand because the words seem to have opposite meanings. How can we be individuals and be networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.
  Here is what Professor Wellman means. Before the invention of the Internet and e-mail, our social networks involved live interactions with relatives, neighbors, and colleagues at work. Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.
  A recent research study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project showed that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced this person-to-person interaction. However, a lot of people interviewed for the Pew study say that"s a good thing. Why?
  In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated us and caused us to spend too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. But the Pew study discovered that the opposite is true. The Internet connects us with more real people than expected helpful people who can give advice on careers, medical problems, raising children, and choosing a school or college. About 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet plays an important role in helping them make major life decisions.
  Thanks to the computer, "networked individuals" are able to be alone and together with other people—at the same time .

The Pew study was conducted in______.

A．The United States
B．Canada
C．The U. S. and Canada
D．Europe

14.
In this article, a network is a group of connected______.

A．radio or TV stations
B．people
C．computers
D．roads

15.
Before the invention of the Internet, our connections with people took place mainly

A．in person
B．by phone
C．by letter
D．by e-mail

16.
Which of the following has happened since the invention of the Internet and e-mail?

A．People are talking on the phone more than ever.
B．Interaction through the computer has replaced a lot of person to person interaction.
C．Americans are turning into hermits.
D．Sixty million Americans have bought computers.

17.
Which of the following was NOT one of the discoveries of the Pew study?

A．The Internet has put us in touch with more people than expected.
B．People use the Internet to get advice on careers, medical problems, and other questions.
C．For many Americans, the Internet plays an important role in helping them make important decisions.
D．Internet addiction is a growing problem among people who use computers.

19.（非英語類學(xué)生必做）
  Summers with father were always enjoyable. Swimming, hiking, boating, fishing the days were not long enough to contain all of our activities. There never seemed to be enough time to go to church, which disturbed some friends and relations. Accused of neglecting this part of our education, my father instituted a summer school for my brother and me. However, his summer course included ancient history, which Papa felt our schools neglected, and navigation, in which we first had a formal examination in the dining room, part of which consisted of tying several knots in a given time limit. Then we were each separately sent on what was grandly referred to as a cruise in my father"s 18 foot knockabout, spending the night on board, and loaded down, according to my mother, with enough food for a week. I remember that on my cruise I was required to formally plot our course, using the tide table, even though our goal was an island I could see quite clearly across the water in the distance.

What was the original reason for holding the summer school?

A．The father wanted the children to learn more about religion.
B．The children got poor grades in their regular school.
C．The regular school teachers neglected the children.
D．Friends and relatives thought the children should learn religion.

20.
The purpose of the cruise mentioned in the passage was to______.

A．have fun
B．test the author"s sailing ability
C．reward the author for completing summer school
D．get to the island

21.
Why did the author have to plot the course of her cruise?

A．She had to demonstrate her ability to do so.
B．She was afraid of getting lost.
C．The coast was dangerous.
D．The tides were strong.

22.
How long did the author"s cruise last?

A．All summer.
B．Overnight.
C．A week.
D．One day, morning till night.

23.
Apparently a knockabout is______.

A．a(chǎn) seaman"s knot
B．a(chǎn) cruise
C．a(chǎn)n island
D．a(chǎn) boat

25.（英語類學(xué)生必做）
  The three main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by the Latin grammar school, the academy, and the public high school. The first of these was a colonial institution. It began in New England with the establishment in 1635 of the Boston Free Latin School. The curriculum consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of them would be fitted for the ministry.
  The academy began in the early 1750"s with Benjamin Franklin"s school in Philadelphia, Which later became the University of Pennsylvania. It extended generally to about the middle of the nineteenth century, except in the southern states where the public high school was late in developing and where the academy continued a principal means of secondary education even after 1900. The academy was open to girls as well as to boys, and it provided a wider curriculum than the Latin grammar school had furnished. It was designed not only as a preparation for college but also for practical life in commercial and business activities. Although its wide educational values were evident and are recognized as important contributions to secondary education in this country, the academy was never considered a public institution as the public high school has come to be.
  The public high school had its origin in Massachusetts in 1821 when the English Classical School was established in Boston. In 1827, that state enacted the first state-wide public high school law in the Untied States. By 1840, there were perhaps a dozen public high schools in Massachusetts and many in other eastern states; by 1850, they were also to be found in many other states.
  Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school, so the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy. The public high school in the United States is a rejection of the aristocratic (貴族) and selective principle of the European educational tradition. Since 1890, enrollments in secondary schools, mainly public high schools, have practically doubled in this country every ten years.

According to the author, the main types of secondary education in the United States have been provided by______.

A．New England establishments
B．the Latin grammar school and the academy
C．the public high school
D．both B and C

26.
According to the passage, which of the following sequences indicates the order in which the school developed?

A．Latin grammar school, public high school, academy.
B．Latin grammar school, academy, public high school.
C．Public high school, Latin grammar school, academy.
D．Public high school, academy, Latin grammar school.

27.
Since 1908, secondary-school enrollments have______.

A．a(chǎn)lmost doubled every ten years
B．practically doubled
C．declined in enrollment
D．increased tenfold

28.
In the southern states, the principal means of secondary education even after 1900 continued to be the______.

A．Latin grammar school
B．a(chǎn)cademy
C．classical language school
D．church school

29.
One can properly infer from this article that "Latin grammar school" refers to______.

A．the Boston Free Latin School
B．a(chǎn)ll elementary schools in the United States
C．schools which taught Latin exclusive of all other subjects
D．a(chǎn) number of grammar schools which developed in New England

二、2.Vocabulary and Structure

0. Mary is one of the brightest students who______from New York University.

A．graduated
B．have graduated
C．had graduated
D．has graduated

1. My friend"s son, who is a soldier, was delighted when he was______only a few miles from home.

A．camped
B．situated
C．placed
D．stationed

2. She has bought some lovely______to make herself a dress.

A．stuff
B．clothing
C．material
D．pattern

3. She is pleased with what you have given her husband and______you have fold him.

A．that
B．which
C．a(chǎn)l what
D．a(chǎn)ll that

4. I passed my exams but it was a long time______my friends about it.

A．that I didn"t tell
B．before I told"
C．a(chǎn)fter I told
D．since I told

5. The stone statue in the city square was put up______the fallen heroes.

A．in memory of
B．in search of
C．in terms of
D．in view of

6. When I applied for my passport to be renewed, I had to send a______photo.

A．fresh
B．familiar
C．recent
D．late

7. The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also ______ many social customs.

A．join
B．share
C．create
D．maintain

8. ______from the hill-top, the lake scenery is beyond description.

A．Seen
B．Seeing
C．To see
D．Having seen

9. In many schools, students don"t have easy access ______computers.

A．of
B．into
C．for
D．to

10. His success was due to______he had been working hard all the time.

A．that
B．the fact which
C．the fact that
D．the fact what

11. He didn"t want to go to the cinema but they begged so hard that he finally______ and went with them.

A．gave off
B．gave away
C．gave out
D．gave in

12. The toy boat turned over and sank to the ______of the pool.

A．bottom
B．ground
C．floor
D．base

13. You mustn"t be______, or else you will make a lot of mistakes.

A．quick
B．hasty
C．rapid
D．fast

14. Do not disturb me. I______letters all morning and have written six so far.

A．write
B．a(chǎn)m writing
C．was writing
D．have been writing

15. Teachers always tell their students that it is no good ______ today"s work for tomorrow.

A．to leave
B．leaving
C．left
D．leave

16. I have really got angry with John because______I suggest, he always disagrees.

A．whatever
B．a(chǎn)nything
C．what
D．everything

17. George had great difficulty in swimming across the lake, but he finally succeeded on his fourth ______.

A．process
B．a(chǎn)ttempt
C．display
D．intention

18. After much thought, the engineer found a very______solution to the problem.

A．logical
B．necessary
C．clever
D．ordinary

19. Edison tested more than one thousand materials to see if they could______electric current and glow.

A．bring
B．make
C．carry
D．produce

20. If we had known that she had planned to arrive today, we______her at the bus station.

A．will have met
B．might meet
C．had met
D．might have met

21. When a machine is______, suitable materials must be chosen for its parts.

A．building
B．build
C．to build
D．to be built

22. His wide ______ of the newspaper world enabled him to become a successful editor.

A．career
B．experience
C．experiment
D．information

23. Scientists have recently ______ the theory that eating too much fat is bad for the heart.

A．put forward
B．put along
C．put out
D．put up

24. When we reached the station, the train had not arrived yet; so we______.

A．needed not to hurry
B．needn"t have hurried
C．didn"t need to hurry
D．had not needed to hurry

25. Many things______impossible in the past are quite common today.

A．considering
B．being considered
C．to be considered
D．considered

26. We believe that the young generation will prove______of our trust.

A．worth
B．worthy
C．worthwhile
D．worthless

27. The two elements ,______water is made up are the gases oxygen and hydrogen.

A．that
B．which
C．of which
D．with which

28. So fast______that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.

A．light travels
B．travels light
C．does light travels
D．does light travel

29. Output is now six times ______it was before liberation.

A．that
B．which
C．what
D．of which

30. Most foreign businessmen are ______ the government"s new policy on foreign investment.

A．in relation to
B．in possession of
C．in contrast of
D．in favor of

31. He made such a______contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him.

A．modest
B．generous
C．real
D．a(chǎn)dequate

32. It has always been the ______ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.

A．campaign
B．procedure
C．policy
D．rule

33. We arranged to meet at the theatre at seven but she didn"t______.

A．turn up
B．turn down
C．turn off
D．turn round

34. The passengers______out of the exit when we arrived at the airport.

A．were just coming
B．just came
C．a(chǎn)re just coming
D．just come

35. As soon as World War II ended, Einstein urged that atomic energy ______ to peaceful use.

A．is put
B．be put
C．would be put
D．will be put

36. Surveys have revealed that quite a lot of people watch TV only to______time.

A．waste
B．spend
C．kill
D．take

37. Neither the teacher not her students ______ to attend the meeting by the headmaster.

A．has been asked
B．has asked
C．just came
D．have been asked

38. The photographs of Mars taken from satellites are______than those taken from the earth.

A．much clearer
B．the clearest
C．clearest
D．more clearer

39. Although I hadn"t seen him for years, I______his voice on the telephone at once.

A．realized
B．recognized
C．heard
D．discovered

三、3.Cloze

1.(非英語類學(xué)生必做)
  I arrived in the United States 【61】 February 6, 1986, but I remember my first day here very 【62】 My friend was waiting for me when my 【63】 landed at Kennedy Airport at three o"clock in the afternoon. The weather was very 【64】 and it was snowing, but I was 【65】 excited to mind. From the airport, my friend and I 【66】 a taxi to my hotel. On the way, I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the first time and I stared in 【67】 at the famous World Trade Center, the tallest building in the world. My friend helped me 【68】 at the hotel and then left because he had to go 【69】 to work. He promised to return the next day.
  Shortly after he left, I went to a 【70】 near the hotel to get something to eat. As I couldn"t speak 【71】of English, I couldn"t tell the 【72】 what I wanted. I was very upset and started to make some gestures, but the waiter didn"t 【73】 me. Finally, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was eating. After dinner, I started to walk along Broad way 【74】 I came to Times Square with its movie theatres, neon lights, and huge crowds of people. I did not feel tired, so I 【75】 walking around the city. I wanted to see everything on my first day. I knew it was 【76】 , but I wanted to try.
  When I returned to the hotel, I was exhausted, but I 【77】 sleep because I kept hearing the fire and police sirens during the night. I lay 【78】 and thought about New York. It was a very big and 【79】 city with many tall buildings and big cars, and full of noise and busy people. I also decided right then that I had to learn to speak 【80】 .
(66)

A．in
B．a(chǎn)t
C．on
D．for

2.(67)

A．clearly
B．quickly
C．eagerly
D．badly

3.(68)

A．car
B．plane
C．bus
D．helicopter

4.(69)

A．hot
B．cold
C．mild
D．changeable

5.(70)

A．so
B．very
C．much
D．too

6.(71)

A．took
B．made
C．paid
D．reached

7.(72)

A．sadness
B．horror
C．disappointment
D．a(chǎn)stonishment

8.(73)

A．prepare
B．stay
C．unpack
D．pack

9.(74)

A．back
B．forward
C．over
D．a(chǎn)cross

10.(75)

A．store
B．supermarket
C．restaurant
D．baker"s

11.(76)

A．a(chǎn) little
B．a(chǎn) word
C．much
D．a(chǎn)ny

12.(77)

A．baker
B．manager
C．a(chǎn)ssistant
D．waiter

13.(78)

A．understand
B．obey
C．pay attention to
D．take care of

14.(79)

A．when
B．a(chǎn)fter
C．until
D．a(chǎn)s

15.(80)

A．began
B．stopped
C．intended
D．continued

16.(81)

A．important
B．impossible
C．exciting
D．interesting

17.(82)

A．could
B．couldn"t
C．would
D．wouldn"t

18.(83)

A．a(chǎn)wake
B．a(chǎn)sleep
C．waiting
D．confused

19.(84)

A．polluted
B．polluting
C．interested
D．interesting

20.(85)

A．French
B．Spanish
C．English
D．Chinese

22.（英語類學(xué)生必做）
  Sleep is important to us because it helps restore organs and tissues in our body. But how much sleep do we actually need?
  For most of us, eight hours seems to be about the right amount. Yet we know that there are many people who get 【61】 perfectly with less sleep, and some who may need 【62】 A great deal depends on the 【63】 we live. But a good general rule 【64】 is to sleep as long as we have to in order to feel happy and be able to work 【65】 our best when we awaken.
  There are actually different 【66】 of sleep. There is a deep sleep and a shallow sleep. In a shallow sleep our body does not get the same kind of rest it gets in a 【67】 sleep, 【68】 after eight hours of a shallow sleep we may still feel tired. But a short, deep sleep can be very 【69】 Alexander—the Great Emperor was able to get a deep sleep 【70】 he needed it. Once, during the night before an important battle, he remained 【71】 longer than anyone else. 【72】 he wrapped himself in a cloak and 【73】 down on the earth. He slept so 【74】 that his generals had to wake him three times for him to give the 【75】 to attack!
  Normally when we go to sleep, our " sleep center" blocks off nerves so that 【76】 our brain and body go to sleep. 【77】 prevents us from wanting to do anything, and the other 【78】 our internal organs and limbs go to sleep. 【79】 sometimes only one goes to sleep and the other does not. A very tired soldier can sometimes 【80】 asleep (brain sleep) and keep on marching, because his body is not asleep.
(86)

A．a(chǎn)cross
B．a(chǎn)way
C．a(chǎn)long
D．over

23.(87)

A．more
B．much
C．least
D．little

24.(88)

A．style. ,
B．way
C．method
D．manner

25.(89)

A．follow
B．to follow
C．followed
D．following

26.(90)

A．to
B．in
C．for
D．a(chǎn)t

27.(91)

A．levels
B．standards
C．heights
D．varieties

28.(92)

A．daytime
B．nighttime
C．shallow
D．deep

29.(93)

A．now that
B．in order that
C．so that
D．for fear that

30.(94)

A．restful
B．restless
C．useful
D．useless

31.(95)

A．wherever
B．however
C．whenever
D．whichever

32.(96)

A．a(chǎn)ctive
B．a(chǎn)wake
C．a(chǎn)sleep
D．a(chǎn)ware

33.(97)

A．Instead
B．Still
C．Moreover
D．Then

34.(98)

A．lay
B．laid
C．lied
D．lain

35.(99)

A．deep
B．sound
C．deeply
D．lightly

36.(100)

A．conference
B．consent
C．confidence
D．command

37.(101)

A．either
B．both
C．neither
D．not only

38.(102)

A．It
B．One
C．This
D．That

39.(103)

A．makes
B．forces
C．causes
D．leads

40.(104)

A．So
B．Thus
C．Or
D．But

41.(105)

A．turn
B．go
C．fall
D．become

四、4.

Section A
Directions: Translate the following English into Chinese.

0. They used radio waves instead of sound waves, since radio waves can penetrate fog and clouds. ( Passage 1)

1. Because of their frequent wars, many of their inventions were no more than improvements in the design of Greek weapons with which they were familiar. (Passage 2)

2. In the past, many people were worried that the Internet isolated us and caused us to spend too much time in the imaginary world of the computer. ( Passage 3 )

3. （非英語類學(xué)生必做）
Summers with father were always enjoyable. Swimming, hiking, boating, fishing—the days were not long enough to contain all of our activities. (Passage 4)

4. （非英語類學(xué)生必做）
There never seemed to be enough time to go to church, which disturbed some friends and relations. (Passage 4)

5. （英語類學(xué)生必做）
The curriculum consisted mainly of the classical languages, and the purpose of this kind of school was the preparation of boys for college, where most of them would be fitted for the ministry. (Passage 4)

6. (英語類學(xué)生必做）
Just as the curriculum of the academy grew out of that of the Latin grammar school, so the curriculum of the public high school developed out of that of the academy. ( Passage 4)

五、5.

Section B
Directions: Translate the following Chinese into English.

0. 使他吃驚的是，她不僅沒有表揚他，反而批評了他。

1. 陳大夫整個晚上都在為傷員做手術(shù)。

2. 我們提議對計劃作修改。

3. 他那么細(xì)心，不會不注意到這一點的。

4. 很難說這兩個人中誰年齡大些，看上去他們年齡差不多。

六、6.Writing

0.   In this part, you are required to write an essay about making the most of our school days. You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline ( given in Chinese) below;
1．生命是短暫的，時間是寶貴的；
2．在校學(xué)習(xí)的時間更短暫；
3．應(yīng)該充分利用在校時光。