獨(dú)立主格與獨(dú)立成分的異同（二）

有些分詞短語(yǔ)的形式是固定的，不受上下文影響，可以獨(dú)立存在，因此被稱為獨(dú)立成分。它并不表示句子主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，而是表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度，它在句子中沒(méi)有邏輯上的主語(yǔ)，作為習(xí)慣用法或固定短語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾整個(gè)句子。

這些短語(yǔ)有：Generally speaking (總的說(shuō)來(lái))，F(xiàn)rankly/properly speaking (坦率/恰當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō))，Judging from/by (從……判斷)，Supposing (假設(shè))，taking… into consideration(考慮到)等等。

① Generally speaking, the rule is very easy to understand.

② 總的說(shuō)來(lái)，這條規(guī)則很容易懂。

Generally speaking, the novel is not very interesting.

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，這本小說(shuō)不是很有趣。

③ Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys.

總的來(lái)說(shuō)，女生比男生更謹(jǐn)慎。

④ Talking of travel, have you ever been to Beijing?

說(shuō)到旅游，你去過(guò)北京嗎？

④Judging from what he said, he must be an honest man.

由他所說(shuō)的來(lái)判斷，他一定是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。

⑤Judging from her face, she must be ill.

從她的臉色看，她一定生病了。

⑤ Judging by her last letter, they are having a wonderful time.

⑥ 從她上封信看,他們過(guò)的非?？?。

⑦Taking everything into consideration, you should leave.

考慮各種因素，你最好離開(kāi)。

例題:

____, he seems to be very nervous.

A. Judge from appearance B. Judges from appearance

C. Judged from appearance D. Judging from appearance

（答案解析：答案是D。Judging from…從什么中判斷，是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)。整句話的意思是：從他的外表來(lái)看，他似乎很緊張。）